Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Lucian-Ionel ILIE

The correlation between nutrition and the population health in the context of increasing the range of food products provided to the population, and quantifying their metabolic effects with frequent episodes of illness due to consumption of impropers food products, while have led to increase the population requirements for purchase of food with high food safety guarantees. Lately we remark from the consumers’ part, that they provide a greater degree of confidence to organic products, in the detriment of conventional food. It seems that the high incidence of cancers, the increasing resistance to germs at treatments and more aggressive forms of manifestation of certain diseases, it could be reduced to extinction in the case of using organic food. Food safety has as main objective to guarantee the lack of harmfulness, toxic character and those factors which could cause illness to the consumers. By promoting certain processing technologies, along with no use of pesticides and genetically modified organisms or banning prophylactic antibiotic administration and hormonal preparations as growth promoters, the organic farming can supply food products to high standards of food safety.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Monica SUĂTEAN, Catrinel Alexandra PEREDI, Diana Ioana OLAH, Mihaela NICULAE, Adrian Valentin POTÂRNICHE, Marina SPÎNU, G.F. BRUDAȘCĂ

This paper aims to present a case report of three young Labrador puppies six months old, puppies living in three different homes, but belonging to the same litter in Cluj-Napoca. In addition to this this paper aims to review the literature regarding parvovirosis. Parvovirosis is an extremely contagious and fatal disease that occurs especially in young dogs, affecting the gastrointestinal tract and in more extreme cases it also affects the heart of the patients. Parvovirosis is produced by a virus of the Parvoviridae family, the Parvovirus genus, more exactly CPV-2. Preventable through vaccination, the newest cases have shown that even the best vaccines are ineffective, resulting in the apparition of the horrible disease. The diagnosis is quite simple to put, the clinical signs being extremely relevant. Additional tests may be used, helping with the assessment regarding the evolution of the disease. The prognosis of this disease depends of the virulence of the virus strain as well as the response of the organism to the treatment. However, it is also important that the treatment is started as soon as possible, because without it, the prognosis is fatal. These three young Labrador puppies are the living example that the vaccines used in them for the prevention of this fatal disease were not efficient. The disease first appeared in cats 1978, but since then the disease has appeared to dogs as well. Lately in Cluj there has been an explosion of cases, the virus attacked without considering the vaccine status of patients. This paper will present the outcome of the treatment in these particular cases, more exactly two males and one female, belonging to the same litter, all three being treated inside the Infectious Diseases Clinic of the Veterinary Medicine Faculty in Cluj Napoca.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Ionuţ - Cristian GÂRJOABĂ, Gina Teodora GÎRDAN

Bilateral deferentopexy represents a surgical technique of major relevance, in preventing recurrence of perineal hernias in intact male dogs. Ductus deferens, isolated during orhidectomy, and sutured afterwards ventrally on abdominal wall, are intended to exert a cranial traction and mantainance of urinary bladder and adnexal glands of reproductive system; thereby, the exerted pressure of these viscera on perineal region is significantly diminished postoperatively, avoiding recurrence. An intact caniche male, eleven years old received a diagnosis of unilateral perineal hernia. The surgery consisted in two procedures: bilateral orchiectomy followed by deferentopexy and perineal muscle suture. Perineal hernias, encountered in males older than 7 years, occur due to prostatic hypertrophy which generates a repetitive pressure in the perineal area, the predisposing factor being the striated muscle degeneration consistent in rhabdomyolysis.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Nicolae Alexandru BOCIU, Alina ȘTEFĂNESCU, Bogdan Alexandru VIȚĂLARU

A 4 year old male Shi-Tzu, diagnosed with babesiosis and kidney and liver failure was treated using peritoneal dialysis for six days along with hidro-electrolytic balancing and parenteral nutrition in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine’s Clinic. At presentation the patient had 6 kg, 39.9˚C, jaundice, apathy, hematuria and lack of appetite. Recommendations were complete blood count, biochemistry blood test and blood cytology. Blood test results revealed elevated levels of blood nitrogen urea (BUN = 71 mg/dl), creatinine (CREA = 4.0 mg/dl) and bilirubin (T-Bil = 11.1 mg/dl). The peritoneal dialysis was performed using Dianeal PD4 1.4%. After six days of intensive care and peritoneal dialysis blood test results were BUN = 19 mg/dl, CREA = 1.0 mg/dl and T-Bil = 0.3 mg/dl.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Bogdan Alexandru VIȚĂLARU, Vasilica-Flory PETRESCU

An 11 years old, castrated, male cat, mixed breed was referred to the Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest for vomiting, loss of appetite, anorexia, faintness, sharp breath, inability to exercise, oliguria and lethargy. Results from a complete blood (cell) count (CBC), serum chemical profile, and urinalysis submitted at that time were abnormal. The patient had chronic renal failure (Creatinine 10.9 mg/dL - reference range 0.8-2.4 mg/dL, BUN 124 mg/dL - reference range 16-36 mg/dL). The rectal temperature was 36.5ºC, the patient presented anemic mucous membranes, mild dehydration (persistent skin fold thickness for 2-3 seconds) and slight sensitivity to palpation in the renal lanyard. Abdominal ultrasound showed that kidney presented uncharacteristic drawing, irregular outline, abundant microlithiasis, and following examination of urine was found massive proteinuria, absent bacteriuria, minimal hematuria (50), pH 6.2, abundant FAM. Urinary density was 1.025. The patient was presented at Hemodialivet Clinic with the following renal parameters (Creatinine 9.9 mg/dL-reference range 0.8-2.4 mg/dL, BUN 107 mg/dLreference range 16-36 mg/dL). The established treatment consisted in peritoneal dialysis, rehydration and electrolyte balance, parenteral nutrition. We used PD4 peritoneal dialysis Dianeal PD4 1.25. The patient was submitted to intravenous fluidotherapy with 5% Glucose, Sodium Chloride 0.9 %, B12 vitamin, Arnetin, Emeset CRI. Recommendation for oral treatment: Ipakitine bid, Azodyl bid and kidney diet food. Continuous evaluation of hematological and biochemical blood parameters is vital for the establishment of appropriate therapies in renal patients. Hydroelectrolytic rebalancing associated with continuous peritoneal dialysis, erythropoietin therapy and using appropriate renal diet are the key to success in intensive care of renal patients.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Oana – Alexandra CIOCAN (MOŢCO), Alper ÇIFTÇI, Yagmur KOÇAK, Mihai CARP – CĂRARE, Mihai MAREŞ, Andreea – Paula COZMA, Ioana CRIVEI, Eleonora GUGUIANU, Cristina RÎMBU, Carmen - Valentina PANZARU, Cătălin CARP – CĂRARE

Due to the increased frequency of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from infectious processes, a constant analysis of their sensitivities to the antibiotics currently used in therapy is required. The aim was to follow the evolution of the resistance phenomena for Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a current concern for clinicians and epidemiologists due to the intrinsic resistance to several classes of antibiotics, acquiring resistance and limiting therapeutic actions. It is a microorganism of major importance in the nosocomial infections developed both in the human and veterinary spaces. The tests were part of a more extensive study which was aimed at the correlating, identifying common resistance profile of P. aeruginosa strains of human and animal originated. Considering the pathogenic action of this bacterial species both for humans and animals, the data obtained can support the establishment of a mutual strategy to prevent and combat the action of strains having multiple resistance to antibiotics. Efflux transporters have a considerable role in the multidrug resistance (MDR) of P. aeruginosa, an important nosocomial pathogen. The lack of some antibiotics, active towards P. aeruginosa, makes the control of infection the most important measure against the MDR- P. aeruginosa strains. The study batch included strains of P. aeruginosa, out of which only the antibiotic-resistant strains, 61 strains respectively, were selected for the phenotypic characterization in fluoroquinolones.

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Staphylococcal infections are common in small ruminants and are represented by localized infections of the skin, hooves and mammary gland. The pathological samples for bacteriological examination were taken from a total of 37 sheeps and goats with different lesions and the primary inseminations were made on agar with 5% sheep defibrinated blood. Biochemical properties were revealed by API Staph system. The isolates were tested against novobiocin and methicillin using the Kirby-Bauer method with biodiscs. 37 strains of staphylococci were isolated and included in S. aureus ssp. aureus species (32 strains) and in S. xylosus species (5 strains). 16 methicillin-resistant strains were identified that belong to those two staphylococci species, confirming thus the epidemiological circuit of these strains also in small ruminants.

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Vijay KUMAR

Exercising equines, especially horses, exhibit significant changes in the physiological responses and several other vital signs. The prominent observable physiological indices are the heart rate (HR), velocity at peak Heart rate (V200), and lactate V[La]. The blood lactate is the biochemical signature of muscular fatigue. Trainings and conditioning schedules have been devised to include the speed at blood lactate levels of 2.0 and 4.0 mM/l. These indices along with recovery of heart rate and blood lactate are important indices for judging the performance of exercising horses. Adaptation to exercise with proper training results in development of cellular tolerance in the exercising muscles and other tissues. With the development of next generation technologies, the analysis of blood and muscle transcriptomes in exercising horses has led to identification of performance genes in race horses. Myostatin (MSTN) genotyping is used to identify and select the horses at early stages for either fast sprint or long distance endurance events. Genes of immune deregulation, mitochondrial respiration, oxidative phosphorylation, tissue repair, tissue remodelling and specific cytokines are among the up regulated genes in the race horses while the most suppressed genes are the ones involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and protein synthesis. Further research is required in the future, to identify the molecular signatures of stress tolerance in horse breeds other than thoroughbreds and race horses, which have evolved and adapted to the climate and utility at specific locations in the world. Such an information would facilitate the horse breeders to devise selection plans in order to improve the exercise and work performance. This would also facilitate diagnosis of the diseases and metabolic disorders that are caused by exercise induced stress.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by DOJANA (BALACEANU), Rosalie Adina, Iuliana CODREANU, N. CORNILA

In this work it was determined the effect of 20-day-period of administration of soy protein enriched forage on the chemical composition of rabbit skeletal muscle. Analysis revealed changes in the muscle composition on the contents of fat, protein, minerals and water. Thus, it was found: - a relatively constant fat content of meat, varying from 1.86% (control) to 1.98%, respectively, 1.90% depending on the degree of vegetable protein food supplement; - increasing meat protein content values of 22.50% and, respectively, 22.9%, compared to 20.12% in control; - corresponding decrease in water content and mineral salts. Water content of meat from groups fed with forage enriched in vegetable protein amounted to 73.66% and, respectively, 73.25% in the two groups supplemented with protein in forage, and 75.35% in control. Mineral salt content of meat from protein supplemented groups was 1.86% and, respectively, 1.95% and in the control, of 2.67%.Also, the pH of the meat immediately after slaughter and meat ultimate pH were higher in rabbits fed with protein enriched forage compared to control.Histological analyzes revealed a smoothing of the tissue structure, with an increase of the fast glycolytic fiber proportion.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Raluca NEGREANU, Florin GROSU, Dan CRÎNGANU

Incidence of malignant tumors in dogs has increased in recent years due to the abundance and the high level of aggressiveness of oncogenic environmental factors, food and contraceptives. Prostate tumors in male dog rank 3rd in frequency after malignant lymphoma and bone tumors. Determining-factor analysis revealed that prostate malignancies in dogs as in humans correlate with age, diet and sexual activity - uncastrated and hormonal contraceptive therapies based on synthetic hormone substitutes. Maximum frequency of occurrence for this type of disease is between 10-12 years, the majority of male dogs older than 15 years suffering from it. Poli-chemotherapy, immunotherapy and hormonal therapy for the hormone dependent tumors is based on the existence of receptors for sex hormones on the cell membranes that form the prostate's secreting tissue. Administration of variated medication at the same therapeutic moment allows prolonged remission, subtitutes surgical excision of the prostate gland tumor, a very delicate procedure and prevents acquired chimio resistance. Non-specific immunotherapy works by restoring suppressed immune functions to the patient affected by the neoplastic disease.

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