Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Adelina PROTEASA, Roxana DASCALU, Larisa SCHUSZLER, Aurel SALA, Cornel IGNA

Anykind of surgical procedure should not add unnecessary lesions to the traumatized area which has already suffered. If ORIF procedures are based on the principle that although a longer incision and an adequate range exposure is less traumatic than low exposure, because in the latter case, the surgeon tends to exert excessive pressure to withdraw muscles traumatizing direct muscle fibers and vascular-nervous. Basically, MIPO is the conservative version of all aspects of the ORIF technique. Thus, we aimed at presenting a path of plate insertion through minimally invasive technique for the femur. Taking into account all marked references and after a thourough understanding of the regional anatomy, the mininally invazive approach on femur is, from our perspective, an easy and reliable acces to the femur.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by János DÉGI, Ionica IANCU, Diana Maria DÉGI, Corina PASCU, Robert Vili VOICHIŢOIU, Viorel HERMAN

Stray dogs have long been regarded as a potential source of zoonotic diseases (bacterial zoonotic risk) for human. In particular, host zoonotic bacteria and parasites in the intestine of dogs were found to pose a significant risk to human health. An ensemble social change, economic and environmental, across the globe, reflects on epidemiological characteristics and pathogenesis of diseases and pathogens. And the development and supervision of bacterial zoonosis, with particular reference to multiple antibiotic resistant staphylococci isolated from dog faces, were important changes, which we refer in this study.In fecal samples from dogs were isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains pathogenic to man (MRSA), so proving dog faeces role in urban areas as a reservoir of bacteria with multiple resistance. Because the genes coding for antibiotic resistance can be transmitted between bacteria and contact between pets and their owners is tighter than in the past, our study suggests that contamination parks for children with dog feces containing such microorganisms is a problem for public health and the environment.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Emilia BALINT, Nicolae MANOLESCU, Roxana ANGHEL

The authors present a particular case of cancer evolution in a five years old mixed breed dog. Medical advice had been requested at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, soliciting the examination of a swelling of the first digit in the right anterior leg. Blood tests revealed no significant hematological or biochemical alterations. The radiological examination revealed a soft tissue tumor of the first digit in the right anterior leg, which did not incorporate the bone structure. Following the surgical removal of the tumor, cytomorphological and histopathological exams were performed. Both indicated the same diagnosis: squamous cell carcinoma accompanied by a secondary infection. The cytomorphological examination revealed a particular aspect of the squamous carcinoma. This particularity is given by the coexistance of malignant neoplastic cells with giant tumoral cells conglomerates, which have monstruous nuclei of various shapes, with giant nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm, highly basophilic.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Florin STAN

Golden Jackal expansion in Romania is increasing, starting in the southern and south eastern regions to the central regions. This is based on the ability of this species to adapt to different areas and varied diets. In these circumstances, its ecological niche is very broad, favoring the spread. The detailed anatomical descriptions of this species are few, lacking a fair characterization. The aim of this paper is to describe the anatomical peculiarities of the mediastinum in order to compare with scientific reports related to domestic species. Seven specimens were examined. The thoracic cavity was elongated, the lungs and pleural cavities occupying the most part. The mediastinum was referred as a region with three divisions: cranial, middle and caudal. Due to the obvious delineation of its components, the middle mediastinnum was further subdivided in: ventral, middle and dorsal subregions. Due to the caudal position of the heart in the thoracic cavity, the cranial divisions of the mediastinum were large. The reflection of fibrous pericardium on the diaphragm and sternum formed the strong phreno-pericardial ligament and sterno-pericardial ligament. After a short path, the phreno-pericardial ligament followed a divergent path, each part being inserted at the junction of the aponevrotic with fleshy part of the diaphragm. The sterno-pericardial ligament was inserted on the entire dorsal aspect of the sternum, the most compact part connecting the heart apex to the xiphoid process. The results of this study are useful both to the comparative morphological and clinical studies. Based on our results, the differentiation of this specie could be achieved.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Gabriel PREDOI, Cristian BELU, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Anca ȘEICARU, Petronela ROȘU, Cătălin MICȘA

Very often, veterinary professionals are faced with directly and quickly identify the bodies of animals, carcasses or carcass portions. This operation is based on morphological characters highlighting defining species, sex and even approximate age. They are very frequent cases when the soft parts are damaged bodies and carcasses of animals are partially or totally boned. In view of this, it shows the importance of examining the skeleton as a whole or its constituent parts. Operation animal identification by morphological features of the skeleton is more difficult as are younger animals (presence of cartilage growth, strengthening bones insufficient, incomplete formation of characteristic details, enable scattering and fragmentation of the bones). In the domestic mammals there is possibility of occurrence of confusion, especially if bones and body parts belonging to the same class animals close. Only perfect knowledge of bone morphology allows the veterinarian to determine what species undoubtedly stems from the housing or housing part, without the need for additional tests. Detailed analysis presented in this paper aims to provide the most important clues so that identification of species belonging specifically to be made, even if some bones which, at first glance, seem indistinguishable. These two species can be distinguished some bones relatively easy: lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, most limb bones. However, some characters are less distinct bones, cervical vertebrae II-VII, some thoracic vertebrae, tibia, etc. However the study also insisted on the possibility of identifying all bones, because we often available only bone fragments, which prevents taking into account the most important element, namely the general appearance of the bone. The study revealed, in an original manner, details that may constitute criteria for determining the species from which the bones or fragments analyzed, largely completing a series of data described under "classical osteology"

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Florin STAN

A thorough understanding of dental and oral anatomy is essential for a proper recognition of all members of the carnivore species and to recognize the various signs of disease. As long as the golden jackal spreading in Eastern Europe is steadily increasing, this study aims to present a detailed description of morphological features of golden jackal dental anatomy in order to be used in clinical practice and research. The anatomical crowns of the teeth from superior and inferior jaws of seven golden jackals were examined. The complete dental formula for the permanent dentition in golden jackal is I 3/3 C1/1 PM4/4 M2/3 x 2=42teeth. The inferior dental arch is anisognathic, narrower and shorter compared to the superior dental arch. The superior incisors are located slightly rostral from the inferior incisors. Their size increases from the central to the lateral incisors, each incisor crown showing a prominent cingulum and three tubercles. The canine teeth were similar in length and width, having a simple crown. The first premolar is the smallest on both dental arches, having one tubercle, while the second and third premolars have in addition a small distal tubercle. The superior forth premolar and the first inferior molar form the carnassials tooth. The superior carnassial has three distinguishing lobes: paracone, metacone and protocone. The upper molars have a short, wide and highly rough anatomical crown. The inferior carnassial is the strongest tooth with a three-lobed pattern. Inferior molars are smaller than those of the superior arch. The morphology of the crown of the golden jackal teeth is similar to that described in dogs.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Petronela Mihaela ROŞU, Gabriel PREDOI, Cristian BELU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Ştefania Mariana RAITA

The study aims to analyze and describe the morphological characteristics of cheetah limb bone (Acinonyx jubatus), hoping to provide to veterinarians working in zoos and natural reserves and all professionals interested in this species, a number of elements on how to identify species based on morphological skeletal system. For this study it was used an adult cheetah, 7 years old, donated to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Anatomy Department, by Circus & Variete Globus Bucharest. It should be mentioned that the presence of this cheetah specimen was an opportunity for the Anatomy Department, due to the fact that such specimens are included on the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature classified as vulnerable and with a very scarce possibility to be dissected. Measurements were performed using the ruler, the calipers and the livestock compass. Forelimb bones morphological particularities were described in the study, concluding that the scapula and the long bones of the arm and forearm presents characteristics and proportions useful to determine the species to which they belong. During the study were observed not only anatomical features that appear only in cats (distal half of the humerus was rectilinear, the presence of supracondyloid foramen etc.) but also some different elements (overall appearance af the scapula, concave aspect of the caudal border of ulna etc), which were presented in detail. All these are important in bone analysis in order to their identification.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Alexandru Gabriel NEAGU, Mihai SĂVESCU, Ruxandra Georgiana TUDOR, Niculae TUDOR, Constantin VLĂGIOIU

Degenerative disc disease is a condition of the spine caused by dehydration and degeneration of intervertebral discs being an inevitable process with increasing age of the animals. These changes can lead to clinical and pathological diseases characterized differently, such as Hansen type II (protrusion) and Hansen type I (extrusion) disc disease. Medical records of three Beagle dogs, aged 3-8 years, who were presented in the clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest with neurological features, were reviewed. Animals were evaluated by radiographic and MRI imaging. Radiographic examination was conducted in lateral incidence at the level of cervical segment. MRI images were obtained with a low field magnetic resonance of 0.3 Tesla, through: T1 SE (spin echo), T2 FSE (fast spin echo) and T1 sequences after the administration of contrast agent, dogs were positioned in lateral decubitus under inhalatory anesthesia.Radiographic examination revealed narrowing of the intervertebral space in two cases, at the level of C2-C3. MRI examination revealed intervertebral disc degeneration and dehydration at a total number of eight discs in the cervical segment from all three cases. Hansen type II (protrusion) compression on the spinal cord has been registered in one case at C3-C4 level, and in two cases was detected Hansen type I (extrusion) at C2-C3 level, with the movement of the disc fragments in the spine, confirmed by radiographic examination. Magnetic resonance imaging has provided a useful, safe, non-invasive evaluation of the cervical spinal cord.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Irina LIPOVAN, Madalina BURLACU, Mihai MARES, Vasile VULPE

A 4 month old unneutered male cat was presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Iasi, with severe dermal lacerations on the posterior side of the right thigh, up to the last rib of the right hemithorax and opened fracture of the right femoral proximal epiphysis, wounds induced by a profound dog bite. The cat underwent reconstructive surgery of the femoral fracture and dermal laceration, full recovery lasting up to three weeks. After the complete healing of lesions, four weeks later, the cat was presented again for consultation, presenting multiple dermal ulcers developing rapidly over 24h on the left thigh, at the marginal limit of the initial dermal laceration. The owner did not report any other changes in the general state of the cat. Physical examination revealed indurated masses of the subcutaneous tissues, with pockets containing reddish-brown exudate. Cytological examination of exudate sampled from a superficial sight of the formation indicated a granular proteic fond, with numerous neutrophils and macrophages. Cytological and microbiological diagnosis was performed on samples collected from a profound sight of the subcutaneous pockets. Microbiological tests isolated and identified Nocardia spp. as pathogen. The exact nocardial species will be further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis and gene sequencing. Antimicrobial drug of choice in this case was erythromycin, administered parenterally for ten days and continued by oral therapy up to 12 months to prevent relapse.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Ioana DUMITRU, Cristian DEZDROBITU, Irina IRIMESCU, Cristian MARTONOS, Bianca MATOSZ, Florin SILAGHI, Aurel DAMIAN

Some of the preservation techniques of human and animal cadavers have been known since antiquity, starting with the simplest ones, such as preservation by freezing, or with simple mummification, up to mummification by arterial injecting or by immersion. Their execution necessitates the usage of several combinations of substances with a single active component, such as: preservatives, to maintain tissue structure; disinfectants, to halt decay; moistening agents and coloring agents. The aim of this research was to obtain a cat mummy by means of an improved technique. The materials used were: one cat cadaver, dissection instruments, 7% and 15% formaldehyde solutions, technical grade glycerin and coloring agents. The mummification process consisted of injecting the cat body with the 7% formaldehyde solution, fitting it up on a mount and letting it fixate for 5 days, injecting it with the 15% formaldehyde solution, followed by another fixation interval of 10 days. Subsequently, we have removed the skin and the subcutaneous conjunctive tissue, underlining the musculature. The body was once again mounted and frozen for 14 days to dehydrate. It was then maintained at room temperature, followed by the application of the technical grade glycerin and of the coloring agents. The piece was then kept on the mount to dry until the completion of the mummification process. We conclude that this technique is successful at maintaining the anatomical characteristics of the body.

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