Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Laura DARIE, Cristina FERNOAGĂ

The patient, Labrador Retriever, male, eight years old, was presented at veterinary doctor showing muscle weakness, walked heavily on hind limbs and muscle contractions. The first signs of muscle weakness appeared five months ago, they have progressively worsened and 14 days before the consult it stopped barking. No changes were observed in biochemical and hematological blood tests as well as imagistic examinations, but the neurological examination revealed the decrease of spinal reflexes in all four limbs. Myasthenia gravis was suspected and the diagnosis was based on clinical signs and the favorable response to administration of neostigmine 1mg / kg intravenously.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Cătălina Anca CUCOȘ, Iuliana IONAȘCU, Jacqueline MOCANU, Manuella MILITARU

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular coccidian parasite. The cat occupies a central role in the life cycle of this parasite, as a definitive host. Toxoplasmosis is transmitted by consumption of infected raw or undercooked meat, consumption of oocysts from the cat feces or by transplacental transfer of tachyzoites from mother to fetus. The study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, over a one year period, from September 2013 to September 2014. We examined and diagnosed with toxoplasmosis a number of 22 cats. The cases were subjected to clinical, neurological, ocular examinations and paraclinical tests. Clinical examination revealed various multifocal neurological signs such as behavioural changes, altered mentation, seizures, ataxia, blindness, anisocoria, torticollis and vestibular signs. In some cases the ophthalmological examination revealed chorioretinitis and uveitis. These results along with the history led us to the suspicion of toxoplasmosis. We performed routine haematology and serum biochemistry tests, but these tests are not specific and the results depend on the extent of systemic involvement. We established the definitive diagnosis of toxoplasmosis by performing the serological specific test in order to determine the IgM and IgG levels of Toxoplasma antibodies. In the cases were the IgM titre was elevated, the acute phase of the infection was diagnosed, whereas the elevated IgG titre revealed a chronic infection. The aim of this paper is to highlight the multiple and various neurological signs of toxoplasmosis, which is often misdiagnosed and incompletely investigated, and therefore improperly treated. The importance of this study stems from the fact that in recent years toxoplasmosis experienced an increase incidence in our country.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Dan CRÎNGANU, Rǎzvan NEGREANU, Raluca NEGREANU

Non Hodgkin malignant lymphoma ( NHML ) is not a simple malignant disease , having a varied symptomatic polymorphism based on neoplastic solid proliferation (lymphoma ) or liquid proliferation (leukemia)of the lymphocytes (mainly B ) in lymphoid tissues ( lymphnodes , spleen and thymus ) or in other tissues rich in lymphoid structures ( intestine , liver and tonsils) The natural clinical evolution (untreated) of the malignant lymphoma is multistage, advancing rapidly through progression from the first affected lymphnodes to the neighboring lymphnodes and successive invasion of the organs. NHL therapy in humans is well studied and standardized for each type of lymphoma but according to the clinical stage and the health condition of the patient. The use of combination therapy (cytostatic multi-agent therapy while ecosanitzing the biotope of the pacient) and the epidemiological investigation to identify common oncogenic factors involved in the etiopathogenesis issues are some of the objectives pursued. The results obtained by associating multimodal therapy o the patient simultaneously with ecosanitizing the living environment by avoiding or diminishing oncogenic factors could be extrapolated in the treatement of the human cancers. Identification of common oncogenic factors in human and pets habitat is a major goal, knowing that it is easier to prevent than to treat.

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The authors present the morphological and clinical casuistry of canine mastocytoma diagnosed and treated in the last few years at the Clinics of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Bucharest

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Adrian RĂDUȚĂ, Dumitru CURCĂ

Selenium prevents the formation of free radicals. Haematologically, selenium has an important role in protecting haemoglobin against peroxidising. In the present study 20 laying chickens of the Rosso breed were subjected to the experiment, being divided into two batches. The experimental batch was given feed diet 21/5 for laying hens together with 6 grams/kg M.F. (mixed fodder) Sel-Plex™, while to the control batch was given the same feed diet but without the added selenium. Before the start of the experiment as well as 30 days after, biological samples were collected and used to determine hematological and biochemical parameters. The results were bio-statistically interpreted. In the experimental batch significant growths were observed for the erythrocyte parameters: erythraemia, haemoglobinemya, haematocrite, MCV and MCH. Of the biochemical markers, significant growths were observed in the ascorbinemic acid, lipids and serum pseudocholinesterase. The following parameters dropped significantly, proteinemia and blood sugar.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Larisa SCHUSZLER, Roxana DASCĂLU, Adelina PROTEASA, Daniel BUMB, Cornel IGNA

Between 01.01.2013-19.02.2015 in the Surgery clinic of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Timisoara 37 dogs were diagnosed with different stages of periodontal disease and treated. The treatment was dependent on the stage of disease evolution. Thus in the only case with stage of disease has been made dental cleaning with ultrasound unit followed by teeth polish with an abrasive paste. In patients with stage II of disease after ultrasonic scaling, performed supra- and subgingival, without gingivotomy, in periodontal pockets and tooth crown was applied a waxy barrier gel. At stage III and IV of disease, scaling was done initially using hand instrumentation afterwards with ultrasound unit. Even if periodontal pockets were deeper than 4 mm clearance technique used for subgingival curettage was closed. Vertical and horizontal defects of alveolar bone were put out easily, gingival recession and furcation exposure were obvious, teeth having first degree mobility in stage of installed periodontitis, and II or III degree of mobility in stage of advanced periodontitis. In these patients the dental mobility had imposed teeth extraction. When multiple dental units were extracted alveoloplasty was necessary. In the sockets iodoform powder was introduced and afterwards gum was sutured. Oral cavity antisepsis was performed with chlorhexidine spray and for antimicrobial therapy clindamicine or stomorgil were used for at least ten day and maximum two weeks.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Teodor-Florian STROE, Aurel MUSTE, Ioana DÎRLEA, Marius MUSTE, Iulian ILIE, Florin BETEG

Oesophageal foreign body are relatively rare compared with gastrointestinal ones,but they can be encountered in clinical practice. Dogs are more likely to have oesophageal foreign bodies than are cats due to their indiscriminate eating habits. The most common oesophageal foreign bodies encountered are bones, needles, fish hooks and dental chews. Usually occurs with an object for which the size, texture or shape does not permit free passage through the oesophagus into the stomach causing the object to becomeentraped. A fourteen years old cat was presented to our clinic with dysphagia, retching, regurgitation, ptyalism, lack of appetite and obvious signs of discomfort. From the anamnesis it resulted that the cat was feed two days before consultation with chicken that contained bones. After clinical examination ancervico-thoracic radiography was made, based on radiologic exam the diagnosis was oesophageal obstruction. Because of the shape and dimension of the foreign body endoscopy was not possible, the only treatment left was surgery. The cat was scheduled for surgery in the same day after blood analysis.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Laurenţiu Mihai CIUPESCU, Isabela Madalina NICORESCU, Iuliana MIHAI, Rodica DUMITRACHE, Rodica TANASUICA

STEC are very important as emergent food-borne pathogens, being implicated in large outbreaks as well as in sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). Following the largest HUS outbreak reported in Europe in May 2011 (3255 confirmed cases and 33 deaths), in Romania was performed during 2012 a study for detection and identification of Shiga toxin/Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC/VTEC) from food of animal origin. According ISO 13136/2011, an E coli strain is considered STEC if its genome contains simultaneously both stx (stx1 and/or stx2) and eae genes. STEC are widespread in animals but ruminants are thought to be their natural reservoir. Taking into account the high prevalence of STEC in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants and the possibility to contaminate the meat during the slaughter process, there were investigated carcass swabs and meat subsequently processed. The techniques used included both molecular and microbiological methods. The molecular methods applied was based on the detection by real- time PCR of the major virulence genes of STEC, stx1, stx2 and eae, and as well of the serogroup associated genes O157, O145, O111, O103 and O26 from bacterial enrichment broths and subsequent isolated colonies. From 445 samples tested in this study, the STEC isolation was not achieved, but single and combinations of the target virulence genes stx1, stx2 and eae were detected in 128 samples. The presence of the major toxigenic genes in 28.76 % of the samples infer that the probable origin of target genes that we detected by PCR could be the free-Stx phages from outside bacteria cells that can be present in food samples. Knowing from literature that the Stx phages can propagate in E. coli becoming potentially able to transduce stx genes indicates that STEC food-borne outbreaks can occur anytime.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Andreea ISTRATE, Alexandra PETEOACA, Andrei TANASE, Jacqueline MOCANU, Catalin MICSA, Gina GIRDAN, Emilia CIOBOTARU

BACKGROUND: The most frequent luxations encountered in small animal pathology are located at the humero-radioulnar joint and tibio-tarsal-metatarsal joint, usually with traumatic etiology. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine which elbow luxation reduction method has the best advantages, taking into consideration some specific variables such as long term prognosis, post-operative lameness and the extent of soft-tissue trauma caused by the open reduction techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two surgical techniques have been used comparatively: a technique using screws and cerclage wire and one using modified bone staples. This study was conducted on 12 cases, of which six being treated using screws and cerclage wire and six using metallic implants. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical reduction of traumatic luxations in dogs and cats using modified bone staples has a better outcome with minimal damage on joint dynamics and soft-tissue trauma and should be considered as a reduction method of choice for all breeds of dogs and cats, having lower surgical costs, a shorter interventional time and a better post-operative recovery.

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Determining the optimal time of mating in bitches has become a routine in veterinary practice. Endogenous LH has an important role in ovulation induction and the beginnings of fertile period in bitches but its dosing is difficult and veterinary clinics don’t apply it widely.The indirect methods of establishing fertile period are: examination of vaginal smear, determination of progesteron blood levels, vaginoscopy, or the simple examination of clinical changes of external genital segment and characteristics of vulvar discharge and receptivity. The purpose of this study is to determine the connection between estrus clinical signs and the examination methods most frequently used to assess the exact time of ovulation (vaginal smear, vaginoscopy, serum progesterone dosing ).