Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Cristiana Adina SALGAU, Andrei Ovidiu TANASE, Anca MORAR

This paper aims to present a review of the causes, diagnostics, and effects of periimplantitis. To find relevant publications we used Google Scholar and PubMed as our databases and searched for articles from the years 2011- 2021. Initial search results returned over 16000 articles in Google Scholar and 619 articles in PubMed, so a series of filters and criteria were used to select 28 papers used in this review. We found that periimplantitis represents an inflammation that affects both the hard and soft tissue around an implant. The most common cause of the disease is the accumulation of dental plaque around the dental implant. Periimplantitis is diagnosed by the following clinic signs and symptoms: swelling of the tissue around the implant, bleeding of the gingiva upon probing, the presence of harmful types of pathogen bacteria and bone crestal resorption (determined by radiologic evaluation). Many studies covered in this review were conducted on animals, using ligatures around the neck of the inserted implants to induce periimplantitis. Observations made while studying periimplantitis in animal trials can serve as a model for preventing, diagnosing, and treating periimplantitis in humans.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Horia DINU, Elena NEGRU, Anca BULGARU, Dragoş LUPU, Mihai DANEŞ, Doina DANEŞ

The revealing value of the purified protein antigens designed for the bovine tuberculosis screening registers considerable variations etween the different batches of product, even in the case of the same obtaining protocol and of the same operator. In order to limit variations in the potency of the purified protein extract and to improve the expression of immunodominant proteins, ifferent culture protocols have been designed, which, under reproducibility conditions, could reduce the variation limits between atches. The study of the genetic profile identified the AN5 strain used as a virulent Mycobacterium bovis strain belonging to the bovis-caprae ineage. The potency of the purified protein extract was quantified by testing dilutions on guinea pigs. The metabolism modulation of he studied strain, by alternative culture conditions, improved its antigens profile, these being the key compounds for the potency of he tuberculin.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Alexandra PETEOACĂ, Iuliana IONAȘCU, Andrei TĂNASE

This case report aims to propose a wound healing protocol for iatrogenic thermal wounds in small animals. Thermal injuries in small animals are most frequently caused by domestic accidents, as a result of contact with hot surfaces, liquids or fire. Burns can also be inflicted during surgery by the use of faulty heating pads or grounding plates. An 11 years old female dog was presented for a post-surgical check-up after undergoing mastectomy. At this check-up, two-weeks after surgery, extensive burn wounds on the dorsal cervical and thoracic areas were discovered. Over 80% of the affected area was covered by eschars. The injured area was still covered with hair but nociception was absent. Wound management aimed to promote secondary intention healing by using a complex protocol that included an initial escharectomy followed by the use of honey dressings, hydrocolloid dressings, paraffin-impregnated tulle and sulfadiazine ointment. The wound healed in 8 weeks, mainly by contraction; a small percent healed by epithelialization. We concluded that during each phase the dressings should be adapted to the specific phase of wound healing and that combining multiple products offers a superior result.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Alexandra Mihaela CRISTIAN, Iuliana CODREANU, Mario CODREANU

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common canine prostatic disorder being diagnosed in almost 100 per cent of sexually intact male dogs over the age of seven years, as well as in animals treated with androgenic hormones. The present study reports the incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia, regarding age and breed among dogs, commonly clinical signs, and incorporating in the clinical picture the paraclinical examinations especially ultrasonography in order to obtain an diagnosis. The research was made between 2018-2019, within the Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest and within private veterinary practices. Benign prostatic hyperplasia was diagnosed in 30 dogs with insidious and asymptomatic evolution recording frequently hematuria, polakisuria and prostatomegaly. The paraclinical investigation with ultrasonography aims to establish the definite diagnosis, detecting ultrasound changes suggestive -prostatomegaly with dimensions between 20-90 mm with regular homogeneous appearance or lacunar microcystic aspect. All the research that is included in the study, it is appreciated that it is of considerable importance in fundamental research on the incidence of primary factors, responsible for pathogenetic vulnerabilities useful in clinical activity in structured screening.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Ivan PAVLOVIC, Nemanja ZDRAVKOVIĆ, Dragana RUŽIĆ MUSLIĆ, Violeta CARO-PETROVIC, Jovan BOJKOVSKI, Narcisa MEDERLE, Renata RELIĆ

Demodicosis of sheep are parasitic infection caused by Demodex spp. Infection is not common like other type of parasitic dermatitis and there are not many cases of this infection described. In most cases no clinical symptoms are cusing and has little or no economic impact on sheep flocks. Demodex spend all life under host skin and present a normal skin habitat. Mainly are resent at hair folicules where its complete transformation from eggs to adult is performed. There are two types of diseases, local and general. Local demodicosis were present like small reddish places without hair on skin. Main topic are skin on head, around eyes and mouth, and on the back legs. Most important role to clinical demodicosis presents a immunological status of animals. Hereditary against demodicosis were important role too. During our examination of parasitoses in one flock of sheep in the south of Serbia during the spring of 2018, demodicosis was diagnosed. Established clinical signs are nonpruritic papules and nodules which develop over the face, neck, shoulders, and sides and udder. At a later stage, there was a pustular eruption that gradually merged, while later there was a thickening of the skin and loss of wool. Itch rarely occurred. The nodules contain a thick, waxy, grayish material that can be easily expressed and mites can be found in this exudate. To diagnosis we performed microscopic examination of deep skin scrape which revealed adult parasites, larval forms and lemon-shaped eggs. Lesion were spontaneous loos around few months without therapy. In the area of the Western Balkans, only one case of ovine demodicosis was recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and this is the first case described in Serbia.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Maria Rodica GURĂU, Hasan Majid HAMEED, Fănel OȚELEA, Dragoș COBZARIU, Doina DANEȘ

Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection has a major effect on poultry production, the numerous clinical forms making it the most frequently reported diseases in commercial flocks of chickens but also in turkeys and pigeons. Some Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) strains, may share virulence factors with human extraintestinal pathogenic. The data presented in this study complete the characterization of the pathotypes of 13 APEC strains, previously isolated and characterized (Gurau M.R. et al., 2018, 2020), with the investigation over the presence of Frz operon and R4 virulence gene, by PCR method. Amplification was performed in two different runs, one for each gene, the temperature protocols being different. The Frz operon was identified in 11 isolates (84.61% or 11/13) and R4 was identified in 4 isolates (30.76% or 4/13). These results, correlated with those previously reported, highlighted that Frz operon and R4 genes are independently expressing their virulence.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Dragos LUPU, Anca BULGARU, Horia DINU, Elena NEGRU, Doina DANEŞ, Mihai DANEŞ

Rhodococcus equi is a Gram-positive, encapsulated, pleomorphic, intracellular bacillus, which mainly affects foals. Despite often being fatal it is still a neglected pathogen. The main objective of this study is to establish the etiological diagnosis in a clinical case of pneumonia in foals using basic bacteriology techniques. The strain referred to has been collected from a 32-day-old foal with the following symptoms: fever, dyspnea, abdominal breathing, cough and a deeply altered general condition. The isolation of the bacteria has been performed on Lowenstein- Jensen selective medium and the identification has been done based on morpho-cultural and biochemical features. Consequently, an antibiogram was performed and it showed that the isolated R. equi strain is sensitive to rifampicin and azithromycin thus the therapeutic protocol was corrected.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Mihaela MINCU, Elvira GAGNIUC, Roxana BUDEI, Manuella MILITARU

The dental implant is currently the treatment of choice for dental restoration in edentulous patients. The success of implantation is represented by the dental implant osseointegration. An important indicator of osseointegration is the primary stability (represents the direct mechanical contact between the dental implant and the bone tissue) and secondary stability (appears when regenerative processes and bone remodeling around the implant occur). The gold standard for determining the stability of the implant is histomorphometric analysis, this being a direct and objective method. The method is mainly used in experimental animal studies. Currently, non-invasive methods are used to monitor human subjects. They have the disadvantage that they are indirect methods (e.g.: radiography, cutting torque test, periotest) or they are subjective (e.g.: Percussion test). Till now, no universally accepted non-invasive method has been discovered to directly and objectively quantify the stability of the dental implant.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Petronela Mihaela ROŞU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Ștefania Mariana RAITA, Cristian BELU, Letiția PURDOIU, Gabriel PREDOI

The study aims to analyze and describe the morphological characteristics of the skull in the dwarf kangaroo (Macropus rufogriseus). The morphological peculiarities of the skull can be useful elements for the recognition of the species. Data from the literature on the morphology of the skull in this species is limited and mostly focuses on the peculiarities of the muscles in the head. An adult dwarf kangaroo, who died of natural causes was used for this study. The study of the morphological features of the skull leadto the following conclusions: the skull is compact and elongated, the viscerocranium is more developed than the neurocranium, the external sagittal crest is absent, the zygomatic process of the frontal is replaced by a rounded crest separating the frontal surface from the orbital one, two lacrimal foramina are present, the horizontal portion of the palatine is narrow and provided with 8-10 caudo-lateral palatine foramina, there is no alar hole nor channel, the zygomatic bone has a salient spine in the rostral direction.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Cristian BELU, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Petronela Mihaela ROȘU, Anca ȘEICARU, Ștefania Mariana RAITA, Theodora Raluca ȘTEFĂNESCU, Sorina Andreea MIHAI, Mădălina DOBRILĂ, Oresti MIHELIS, Gabriel PREDOI

Dogs are one of the most morphologically diverse species, as they can range from a 1kg Chihuahua to a 100kg English Mastiff. This morphological diversity affects the appendicular skeleton, leading to a raised incidence of pathologies regarding joints (osteoarthritis, arthrosis, elbow dysplasia). This study was done on 20 dog cadavers. The joints of the forelimb were described in detail. The main purpose was obtaining photographic images which can highlight elements that were previously not mentioned in specialty literature. Following the study, some unique aspects were evidenced such as: dimensions and positioning of glenohumeral ligaments, the topography of the collateral ligaments of the elbow joint and the importance of the proper ligaments of the antebrachial-carpal-metacarpal complex in the dynamic of the movements of this joint. We have compared photographs of the dissected specimens with each other as well as with previously existent sketches from different authors who have tackled the same subject in the past, and we have conclusively pointed out the elements which we considered useful to those interested in resolving pathologies of the locomotor apparatus in carnivores.

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