Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Oana-Mărgărita GHIMPEȚEANU, Georgeta ȘTEFAN, Cristin BORDA, Carmen Daniela PETCU, Oana Diana MIHAI, Silviu-Ionuț BEIA, Raluca-Aniela GHEORGHE-IRIMIA, Dana TĂPĂLOAGĂ

The consumption of juices has increased dramatically over the past few decades, mostly among children and teenagers. The aim of the study was to analyse how consumers perceive natural juices and soft drinks, considering multiple aspects such as the quality of ingredients, nutritional aspects, health impact and personal preferences. For this study, a survey with based on a Google form questionnaire was fulfilled by 279 adults from the general population of Romania. This questionnaire was answered by 232 women and 47 men. Out of the 279 people, 249 responded that they used to consume soft drinks, while 30 were not drinking at all. Regarding the type of juices consumed, the opinions were divided almost equally, with 50,5% choosing natural juices, and 49,5% chooses soft beverages. Also, 71,7% of people noticed changes in their consumption of these beverages, with 156 people being influenced by the health impact and 44 due to the price. For most people, the health effects, price and taste of a drink are important and are less affected by packaging or advertising.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Ivona Maria ZĂBAVĂ, Tudor Andrei KACENCO, Nicolae DOJANĂ

The selection process led to changes in the pituitary-ovarian axis control in egg-laying chicken hybrids. This paper investigates the particularities of the control exercised by the pituitary-ovarian axis on reproductive function in Lohmann and Leghorn egg-laying selected hybrids versus the Sussex breed. The blood level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) of the hybrids was higher than that of Sussex hens in the first part of the laying cycle, falling below that of Sussex hens in the second part of the cycle. The concentration of LH showed a peak in all categories of hens, the values in hybrid hens being consistently higher than those of Sussex hens (P<0.05). The analysed hybrids showed particularities of the ovarian endo-secretor response, characterized by a higher oestrogen secretory peak at the beginning of laying and a higher secretory level in hybrids compared to Sussex hens (P<0.05), throughout the laying cycle. Both FSH and LH concentrations were positively correlated with laying frequency, the correlative values being higher for LH. Correlations of laying frequency and ovary weight/body weight ratio were also identified.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Raluca Mihaela TURBATU, Cristina FERNOAGĂ, Alexandru Gabriel NEAGU, Marius-Mihai BĂDULESCU, Constantin VLĂGIOIU

Hypothyroidism is a prevalent endocrine disorder in dogs, characterized by a spectrum of clinical manifestations encompassing metabolic, dermatological, reproductive, and neurological abnormalities. In cases where neurological deficits are the sole presentation of hypothyroidism, the diagnostic process is frequently complicated by the overlapping features with peripheral nervous system (PNS) disorders. Notable similarities between these conditions include reduced spinal reflexes, postural changes, generalized muscle weakness associated with atrophy. The objective of this study is to present the diagnostic coordinates of ten canine patients who were presented during 2024 to the Veterinary Emergency University Hospital Prof. Dr. Alin Bîrțoiu in Bucharest with neurologic deficits that imposed differential diagnosis between PNS disorders and hypothyroidism. The protocol used included patient identification, anamnesis, clinical examination, complete neurological evaluation, followed by localization of the lesion and differential diagnosis based on the VITAMIND acronym. Confirmation of hypothyroidism was based on the measurement of serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Cristina FERNOAGĂ, Alexandra Mihaela CRISTIAN, Mario CODREANU

Hyperthyroidism represents a total increase in thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) - due to benign (adenomatous) or malignant (hyperplastic) changes. The study included 14 adult and geriatric cats, presented to the practice with suspected hyperthyroidism. Data collected included approximate age and medical history, clinical signs (weakness, tachycardia, neurologic signs, thyroid size on palpation), thyroid palpation (thyroid lobe size assessment) and eventually TT4 (total T4) values measured by standard laboratory methods. Group A included 9 cats diagnosed with hyperthyroidism with clinical signs, age mostly over 10 years (geriatric category). The clinical signs registered were progressive weakness (n=9), tachycardia (n=9), neurological signs (agitation, tremor, excessive vocalization (n=7), or postural modifications n=3). TT4 median values 6.7 µg/dL. Group B included 3 cats with enlarged thyroid, age adult (7 and 8 years). Clinical signs: mild or absent, only thyroid palpation shows moderate enlargement. The specific determination of TT4 registered a within normal limits (but in the upper half on retest in some individuals). Possible interpretation: incipient or "occult" hyperthyroidism and requires further monitoring (TT4 retest, fT4 and/or T3 suppression test, TSH). Group C was represented by 1 cat with increased TT4, the age 9 years old, and the absence of clinical signs with good general condition, no weight loss or behavioural changes and TT4 above reference limits with 5.5 µg/dL value. This paper highlights the diversity of clinical and laboratory presentations of feline hyperthyroidism, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and further investigations in atypical cases.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Alexandru DUȚULESCU, Alexandra Mihaela CRISTIAN, Mario CODREANU

Cattle are among the most economically important livestock species due to their role in milk and meat production. This study was conducted on a farm housing 160 Angus cattle, where 64 animals were diagnosed with acropodium pathologies. A subset of 9 affected animals (4 males and 5 females) was selected for detailed clinical examination. The most frequent lesion observed was Rusterholz ulcer (n=4), followed by individual cases of acute septic pododermatitis, circumscribed septic pododermatitis, interdigital dermatitis, interdigital hyperplasia, bulbar necrosis, and heel erosion. Grade 3 lameness, indicating severe locomotor impairment, was observed in one animal (11.1%) diagnosed with diffuse septic pododermatitis, while grade 2 lameness was identified in three animals (33.3%). These results highlight the importance of early detection and appropriate management strategies for podiatric disorders in cattle.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Ralitsa RANKOVA, Gergana BALIEVA

Bovine tuberculosis is a bacterial infection in animals with chronic character, primarily caused by Mycobacterium bovis, and other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. This disease is of significant zoonotic concern, with cattle serving as the primary source of infection for humans. In addition, M. bovis also affects a range of domesticated animals, including small ruminants, equines, swine, canines and felines. Furthermore, various wildlife species, such as wild boars, deer, and antelopes, can also be susceptible to this disease. This is a disease of international health and economic importance which is under the terms of the Terrestrial Animal Health Code issued by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) and thus is subjected to mandatory reporting to the WOAH. Although the implemented strict regulations, Bovine tuberculosis continues to be reported as a threat to public and animal health in many developing countries. In order to analyze the tendencies in the epidemic distribution and prevalence of Bovine tuberculosis in Europe we used data from the Animal Disease Information System (ADIS). The generated information on the outbreaks over a decade from 2013 to 2023, showed that 12 Member States and 2 other non-EU countries have declared cases of bovine tuberculosis. The total number of outbreaks detected has decreased dramatically over the years, as in 2013 and 2014 it was 211 and 136 respectively, and in 2022 and 2023 - 144 and 163. Comparing the data from 2013 and 2023, a decrease of about 23% in the registered outbreaks in the affected countries was observed.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Léonie Célestine Margot PETIT, Nicoleta CIOCÎRLIE, Mihai MĂCINIC

The paper presents a study on the behaviour of lemurs in captivity and in preparation for release back into the wild. The study was conducted within the RENIALA NGO in Madagascar, and assessments were made of stereotypical behavioural deviations in correlation with shelter and feeding conditions. Health assessments and copro-parasitological analyses were performed to identify the degree of parasite contamination, the types of parasites in correlation with behavioural characteristics and the type of food administered. The lemurs' diet was analysed, as well as the impact of quality and quantity on their behaviour. Some foods were identified that should be avoided and others that should be administered in limited quantities, compared to beneficial foods. It was recommended that the diet of underweight specimens be supplemented with certain nutritional supplements to rebalance the overall status of the organism. The parasitological evaluation allowed conclusions to be drawn regarding the effectiveness of the preventive measures applied, resulting in recommendations for improvement.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Emanuela BADEA, Gheorghe Valentin GORAN, Cristina ȚOCA

Heavy metal contamination poses a significant environmental and public health concern due to the biomagnification process, together with their toxic effects on living organisms. This researched aimed to assess the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg, and Ni using dogs’ hair as a bioindicator, while also taking into consideration the sex, age, living and feeding conditions of the dogs. The hair samples were analysed by ICP-MS. Dogs that lived outdoors had higher Pb, Cd, and Ni concentrations, compared to indoor dogs, although the difference was not statistically significant. No statistical significance was either found when assessing heavy metal concentrations in dog hair based on feed type, however there were higher concentrations of Pb and Ni in dogs consuming commercial food, of Hg in dogs consuming home-cooked food, and of Cd in dogs having a mixed diet. The findings of this research support the assumption that dogs which are raised outdoors, in a polluted environment, accumulate higher levels of some heavy metals, and that the duration of the environmental exposure may also play a role in the amount of accumulated heavy metals. lead, cadmium, mercury, nickel, dogs

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Seralp UZUN, Jacqueline MOCANU, Dragoș-Marian DUMITRAȘCU, Iuliana IONAȘCU

Pneumothorax in cats is most commonly associated with thoracic trauma. However, increasing use of computed tomography (CT) has revealed a subset of affected cats with pulmonary bullae or blebs, traditionally linked to spontaneous pneumothorax. This raises important questions about the classification of pneumothorax in feline trauma cases. This retrospective study analysed 41 cats diagnosed with traumatic pneumothorax at the University Veterinary Emergency Hospital “Prof. Dr. Alin Bîrțoiu” between 2022 and 2024. Diagnostic workup included PoCUS, thoracentesis, CT, and necropsy. Data on trauma type, thoracentesis volume, imaging findings, surgical interventions, and outcomes were collected. Persistent or recurrent pneumothorax was documented in 17 cats, with CT or necropsy confirming bullous or bleb-related pathology in 11 cases. Six cats underwent emergency thoracic surgery (5 lobectomies via thoracotomy, 1 via sternotomy), with a postoperative survival rate of 83.3%. Pulmonary contusions were present in 85.3% of cats. Thoracentesis air extraction ranged from 15 mL to 600 mL per session (mean: 137 mL). Four additional cats required chest tube placement. All conservative cases received oxygen and opioid-based analgesia; NSAIDs were used selectively after cardiovascular stabilization. Four non-surgical deaths were linked to undiagnosed bullae or contusions. Findings support a reconceptualization of pneumothorax classification in cats. Trauma may not only rupture pre-existing bullae but also induce their formation. Early CT imaging and surgical intervention can significantly improve survival in refractory cases. The overlap between traumatic and spontaneous pneumothorax warrants a more nuanced diagnostic framework in feline thoracic trauma.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Dorin ȚOGOE, Nicoleta Andreea MINCĂ, Maria Roxana TURCU, Cătălin MICȘA

Uterine prolapse is a rare and serious obstetrical emergency in felines, typically diagnosed more than 48 hours after parturition or abortion. This study aims to assess the therapeutic and surgical approaches for three mixed-breed cats that developed post-partum uterine prolapse. The diagnostic process included a thorough clinical examination, laboratory blood tests, and Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) for accurate assessment. Treatment was carried out in two stages: the first involved uterine repositioning, followed by ventral midline laparotomy and ovariohysterectomy. All surgeries were conducted under general anaesthesia, ensuring patient safety. Post-operative care consisted of antibiotics, analgesia, and diligent monitoring to ensure proper recovery and prevent complications.

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