Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Raluca-Aniela GHEORGHE-IRIMIA, Dana TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Cosmin ȘONEA, Makki Khalaf Hussein AL DULAIMI, Alexandru USTUROI, Paul-Rodian TĂPĂLOAGĂ

The increasing recognition of methane emissions as a significant contributor to global warming necessitates urgent strategies for mitigating these emissions in cattle production systems. This minireview synthesizes current research on effective strategies to reduce enteric methane emissions while promoting sustainable livestock practices. Key strategies include improving feed efficiency and management practices, such as using rotational grazing systems, which have been shown to significantly lower methane emissions compared to continuous grazing methods. Furthermore, integrating livestock with crop production systems enhances nutrient recycling and improves overall system sustainability, thereby reducing reliance on external inputs and minimizing environmental impacts. Genetic improvements aimed at enhancing feed efficiency and reducing methane production are also critical, as ruminants are responsible for approximately 80% of livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the use of novel feed resources and innovative feeding systems can further contribute to lowering methane emissions while ensuring food security. This review highlights the diverse nature of methane mitigation strategies, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach that encompasses management practices, genetic advancements, and integrated agricultural systems to achieve sustainable livestock production.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Adriana-Maria DRAGOMIR, Maria- Alexandra JALBĂ (PITRAN), Laurențiu TUDOR

Natural antioxidants added to products of animal origin are substances that help slow down the oxidation process, thereby protecting food from spoilage and prolonging its shelf life. They are commonly used in the food industry to maintain product quality and safety. The most widely used natural antioxidants are vitamins C and E, selenium, polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, and carotenoids. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) plays a role in the bioavailability of iron in the body and supports immune function, along with the beta-carotenoids: lutein and zeaxanthin (precursors of vitamin A). Beta-carotenoids are also implicated in ocular function. Vitamin E (tocopherol) helps reduce lipid oxidation and may lower the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Polyphenols reduce oxidative stress, as do omega-3 fatty acids. The incorporation of these antioxidants in animal products not only enhances their stability but also offers significant health benefits by reducing oxidative stress and promoting overall wellness.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Alexandru Levi PĂUN, Poliana TUDOR

Three flocks, totalling 216 sheep, respectively 3 individual households, totalling 13 sheep, were included in the present study. Fresh faecal samples were randomly collected from 10% of each flock, and in individual households one faecal sample was collected from each animal, resulting in a total of 35 faecal samples. Initially, faecal samples were investigated macroscopically, looking for cestode proglottids. Subsequently, each faecal sample was processed by the usual flotation and sedimentation techniques, followed by microscopic examination for the presence of oocysts and parasite eggs, aiming at their morphological identification. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 45.46% in flocks, and 84.62% in individual households. Microscopic examination revealed the presence of Eimeria oocysts (27.27%) and nematode eggs, represented by Strongyloides spp. (27.27%), digestive strongyles (9.1%) in sheep from flocks, and Eimeria spp. oocysts (69.23%), Strongyloides spp. eggs (53.85%), digestive strongyles eggs (7.69%), and Dicrocoelium spp. eggs (15.38%) in sheep from households. This study reports the presence and prevalence of protozoa and gastrointestinal helminths in sheep flocks in the eastern area of Teleorman County.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Mara-Ariana PĂUN, Oana-Diana MIHAI, Carmen-Daniela PETCU

This paper aims to examine the specific characteristics of lactic cultures used in the fabrication of fermented dairy products, highlighting both their essential role in the fermentation process and their impact on the quality and organoleptic properties of the final products made available for consumer use. The study focused on analysing the influence of storage temperature on the viability and fermentative activity of thermophilic and mesophilic cultures, stored under optimal freezing and at elevated temperatures, followed by assessment of coagulation time and sensory quality in yogurt and fermented milk (sana). Although differences in coagulation time were minor, higher storage temperatures slightly accelerated the process without altering organoleptic properties. Fermentation dynamics were further analysed through titratable acidity measurements. Results indicated that thermophilic cultures acidified more rapidly in the initial hours after inoculation, while mesophilic cultures showed slower, progressive acidification. Data was represented graphically to highlight these comparative patterns. Additionally, the study explored whey valorisation as a strategy for product diversification. Sweet whey was fermented to obtain kefir prototypes in three variants: plain, honey-enriched, and mint-flavoured. Sensory evaluations and consumer feedback through questionnaires confirmed positive acceptance, suggesting that whey-based kefir represents a promising alternative for expanding the range of functional dairy products.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Cătălin MICȘA, Maria Roxana TURCU, Alexandru Gabriel NEAGU, Nicolae Tiberiu CONSTANTIN, Dorin ȚOGOE, Alexandru DIACONESCU

Diseases affecting the respiratory system are common in veterinary practice. Various diagnostic techniques are used to evaluate patients showing signs of respiratory problems. The trachea, bronchi, and oropharynx can be directly visualized through flexible tracheobronchoscopy, which is a valuable diagnostic instrument for the evaluation and management of feline respiratory diseases. Diagnostic indications encompass the evaluation of traumatic injuries, inflammatory conditions (chronic bronchitis, anthracosis, pneumonia), and structural abnormalities (tracheobronchial collapse, stricture, intraluminal mass). Tracheobronchoscopy uses a variety of airway sampling techniques. Superior efficacy has been demonstrated by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) as a specimen collection method. During the clinical examination of cats exhibiting cough, respiratory distress, or associated symptoms, tracheobronchoscopy was implemented. Airway hyperaemia, stenosis or collapse, mucous accumulation, bronchiectasis, and epithelial abnormalities were evaluated in cats. Cats were classified into categories based on the cytology of the BAL results for bronchitis/asthma, pneumonia, anthracosis, or endobronchial abnormalities. A comparison was made between groups in terms of a collection of bronchial abnormalities and total and differential cell counts. Bronchoscopic abnormalities are frequently seen in felines with lower respiratory tract disease, and airway visualisation offers additional nonspecific clinical insights in cats.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXXI, Issue 2
Written by Otilia Teodora RACHIERU, Diana GOSAV, Dragos PISTOL, Teodoru SOARE, Raluca TIU, George NICOLAE, Iuliana IONAȘCU, Gabriel COTOR

The paper aimed to present the importance of early thoracic ultrasound assessment for a group of newborn foals, with suspicion of Rhodococcus equi outbreak, in order to increase survival rate. We studied a group of 32 Pure Bred Arabian pregnant mares, that gave birth of 7 nonviable foals and 25 viable foals, out of which 7 foals were dead between 14 days - 8 months of age, with clinical and postmortem signs associates with enzootic Rhodococcus equi pneumonia. Out of the 25 viable foals, we have performed an ultrasound examination of thorax and lungs for a number of 13 foals, with age between 2 days and 3 months and establish a prophylactic protocol treatment for all the foals that had significant to mild ultrasound changes (without or with mild clinical signs associate with ultrasound assessment). In conclusion, all foals that undergone prophylactic treatment, according to ultrasound assessment, have survived over 8 months of life, while most of foals that were born before and after the assessment, died, all with clinical and post mortem signs of severe pneumonia and septicaemia.

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