Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Mădălina Iulia SITEAVU, Roxana Ionela DRUGEA, Elena PITOIU, Emilia CIOBOTARU-PÎRVU

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a bacterial porcine respiratory tract pathogen that causes porcine pleuropneumonia, with high economic consequences and distribution all over the world. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of A. pleuropneumoniae in Romanian swine farms by two methods of diagnosis: microbiological examination and Real-time PCR. Serotyping was performed on 28 bacterial isolates from 6 farms. From 1281 number of tested samples by microbiological examination, there were obtained 137 number of isolates with a positive result for A. pleuropneumoniae, with an overall prevalence of 11%. By Real-time PCR, 231 samples were tested and 100 (43%) were positive for A. pleuropneumoniae, 13/81 (16%) lung tissue samples, and 87/150 (58%) oral fluid samples. The serotyping of 28 A. pleuropneumoniae-positive cultures revealed the presence of the following serotypes: 1-9-11, 2, 3,
4, 5, 14, the most frequently encountered being serotype 2, in 10 isolates (36%) and serotype 14, in 7 isolates (25%).

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Andrei Gabriel CĂPRIȚĂ, Denise Maria DINA, Mihai MĂCINIC, Doina DANEŞ

Young Pigeon Disease Syndrome (YPDS) is a multifactorial condition that poses a significant health challenge to young pigeons, particularly those between the ages of 3 and 12 weeks post-weaning. In rare cases, it can also affect older pigeons. This syndrome is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, leading to considerable losses in the pigeon
breeding and racing industries. The primary viral agent responsible for YPDS is pigeon circovirus (PiCV), known for its immunosuppressive effects, which increase susceptibility to secondary infections caused by Escherichia coli and other opportunistic pathogens like Candida albicans and Trichomonas gallinae. Additionally, pigeon aviadenovirus
(PiAdV) and Columbid herpesvirus-1 (CoHV-1) are associated with the syndrome, contributing to its complex pathogenesis. Clinical signs of YPDS are non-specific and include lethargy, weight loss, vomiting, diarrhoea, and
respiratory distress. The disease is most severe in juvenile pigeons, with rapid progression often leading to death within
3 to 5 days, while adult birds that develop clinical signs may take up to 8 days to die.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Cristina CĂȘARU, Anca BULGARU, Elena NEGRU, Mihai DANEȘ, Doina DANEȘ

Antibiotic resistance has become a global concern, with major implications in both human and veterinary medicine. In recent years, new therapies have been sought as alternatives to antibiotics. In this regard, essential oils extracted from medicinal plants have been shown to be effective in many cases. The purpose of our study was to test the efficacy of the essential oils of thyme, clove, peppermint, and cinnamon against ten bacterial strains isolated from cows with clinical mastitis. Sixty percent of the bacterial strains examined in the study were found to be resistant to five or more antibiotics. The effectiveness of essential oils was tested using the aromatogram method. The results varied depending on the bacterial strain and concentration of the tested essential oils. Cinnamon, thyme, and the mixture of the four oils were the most effective products. The highly resistant S. aureus isolate (7 from 12 antibiotic molecules), proved to be extremely sensitive to the essential oils of thyme and cinnamon and highly sensitive to the mixture of oils.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Mădălina BELOUS

The microbial load play an important role in hygiene abattoirs performance and risk categorisation, as an important part of a risk-based meat safety assurance system. The aim of our study was to investigate if risk categorisation of abattoirs based on microbiological indicators have a similar results like codecs used for condemnation (partial or total) of the carcasses on ante mortem or post mortem inspection. The research material was represented by poultry samples collected in compliance with the current legislation (RU2073/2005) and (RU627/2019) it is used for poultry condemnation. The results showed that differences regarding Campylobacter and Salmonella may be consider as variation in risk abattoir categorisation. A lower risk may be considered regarding Campylobacter level lower than Salmonella. Microbial load from the surface of carcasses is significantly influencing the risk abattoir categorization and the final condemnation.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Adrian MIHAI, Nicoleta Andreea MINCĂ, Bogdan Alexandru TAȘBAC , Carmen IONIȚĂ, Roxana Mariana IGNĂTESCU, Daniela BRĂSLAȘU, Letiția PURDOIU, Lucian IONIȚĂ

Our study reveals the association between a chronic local-generalized clinical hard-skin infection in a 2-year-oldSannen goat and pathogens identified from lesions. The particular infection consists of a deep haemorrhagic-purulent,non-contagious, ineffectively treated dermatitis. The open skin lesions were infected with a mixed microbial flora. It
was therefore difficult to identify the actual pathogenic microorganism necessary for effective and specific treatment. By conventional bacteriological examinations, we identified three bacterial pathogens: a haemolytic strain of Staphylococcus, a non-haemolytic strain of Corynebacterium and a haemolytic and highly proteolytic strain of
Trueperella pyogenes. We also isolated many other germs, including Gram negatives that do not ferment lactose. For
Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium, we assessed antibiotic susceptibility by the Kirby-Bauer diffusimetric method.
Through local and general antibiotic treatment (beta-lactams, aminoglycosides), associated with a stimulation of the
immune system and prevention of possible secondary liver disease, an improvement in housing conditions also
improved clinical condition, appetite, livability and wound healing rate.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Alexandru-Gabriel NEAGU, Raluca Mihaela TURBATU, Marius-Mihai BĂDULESCU, Cristina FERNOAGĂ, Niculae TUDOR, Constantin VLĂGIOIU

The diagnosis and understanding of myelomalacia in dogs rely heavily on clinical, neurological, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) aspects. A study conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest reviewed
medical records from 10 cases, selected based on their clinical history, neurological evaluation, and MRI findings. The clinical and neurological signs varied depending on the location and severity of the spinal cord injury, with common symptoms including limb weakness or paralysis, coordination issues, walking difficulties, pain, and changes in posture.
MRI plays a vital role in diagnosing myelomalacia by providing detailed images of the spinal cord, offering crucial insights into the condition. The cases were classified into three types based on their cause: traumatic (6 cases), degenerative (3 cases), and vascular (1 case), all affecting the thoracolumbar spinal cord. In conclusion, the combination of clinical assessment, neurological examination, and MRI is essential for accurately diagnosing myelomalacia in dogs and determining appropriate treatment options.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Crina Raluca ANDREI, Nicolae Tiberiu CONSTANTIN, Florin Petrișor POSASTIUC, Alexandru DIACONESCU, Mariana IONIŢĂ, Ioan Liviu MITREA

With a long history and a wide distribution across the globe, the population of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) increased by 1.3% annually between 2002 and 2017, suggesting rising interest in this species. The results of assisted reproduction technologies in buffaloes are not as fulfilling as in cows, for this purpose, any other possible inconvenience must be removed. Parasitic and infectious diseases represent the major cause that negatively impact biotechnologies, especially in embryo transfer, since, although the relocation of an embryo from a seropositive donor to a seronegative recipient seems to be disease-free, in 25% of cases abortion occurs. Neosporosis is a parasitosis with effects that interest mainly the female reproduction, being one of the most important abortigenic entities among buffaloes, with an average prevalence in Australia and America of approximately 88%, in Africa 68%, in Asia 54.7-66.7%, and in Europe varying from 9.1% (Czech Republic) to 68.5% (Romania). In.order.to.monitor and control neosporosis, it is imperative that all
three existing categories involved in the embryo transfer process (donors, recipients, embryos) should be tested and
proved to be free.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Maria-Mihaela IFROSE, Emilia CIOBOTARU-PÃŽRVU

Intestinal lymphoma is a very common malignancy in cats, classified in low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma and high-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma. Even the exact cause of the intestinal lymphoma remains uncertain, there may be a connection between persistent intestinal inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the development of this tumor. Thus, differentiation between inflammation and low-grade lymphoma is always a challenge. This study included 22 cats with digestive syndrome featured by recurrent vomiting and diarrhea which have been also unresponsive to treatment. Full thickness intestinal biopsies from living animals and tissue samples from dead animals have been considered for routine cytopathological and histopathological diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) for T-cell CD3 region of the TCRy chain was used to differentiate lymphoma from non-lymphoma lesions. Cytological and histological findings have been represented by a residual heterogeneous population consisting of neutrophils, eosinophils and small mature lymphocyte, to which is added a dominant contingent of small- to medium-sized or large lymphocytes. Mesenteric lymph nodes contain characteristic cells which were consistent for incipient malignant lymphoid proliferation. PARR test discriminated 11 cases of T-cell lymphoma showing strong performance for discrimination of lymphoma from IBD.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Gheorghe Valentin GORAN, Emanuela BADEA, Cristina ȚOCA, Camille BELLI

The study aimed to examine the accumulation pattern and concentrations of heavy metals and minerals in different tissues of dogs (hair, kidney, brain, liver). Additionally, it explored the feasibility of utilizing these samples for identifying potential environmental impacts associated with these pollutants. ICP-MS was used to analyse the samples for concentrations of heavy metals. The obtained values were assessed
considering various factors that could impact the levels of minerals and metals in the organisms of animals, including age, gender, and habitat.
Generally, heavy metals recorded higher levels in the hair, liver and kidneys of dogs living outdoors compared to the ones living indoors. Of all types of samples lead had the highest levels in female dogs, in dogs younger than 5 years and in those living outdoors. The results also show that hair, among all samples, plays a significant role for the evaluation
of heavy metals pollution.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Cătălin MICŞA, Maria Roxana TURCU, Nicolae Tiberiu CONSTANTIN, Dorin ŢOGOE, Alexandru DIACONESCU

Artificial insemination (AI) is one of the most frequently implemented assisted reproductive technologies for animals. The dog-breeding industry is extremely dependent on artificial insemination (AI), which enables the successful transfer of genetic material over large distances and its indefinite storage for future use in breeding programs. When natural
reproduction is not possible due to male incapacity, receptivity, or physical impairment, AI may also be utilised. The manner in which AI is put into practice in canines differs and is dependent on the variety of sperm utilised. In particular, with preserved or fresh sperm, intrauterine insemination is performed through transcervical catheterization
using an endoscope. Endoscopic TCI for frozen sperm offers the advantage of obtaining comparable or superior results while avoiding the requirements and potential risks associated with general anaesthesia and surgery. Undoubtedly, the capacity to perform all inseminations with fresh or refrigerated semen increases the conception rates. This article will
centre on the endoscopic transcervical insemination (TCI) method of canine artificial insemination (AI).

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