Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXX, Issue 2
Written by Alexandru Bogdan VIȚĂLARU, Cristian Ionuț FLOREA, Crina Alexandra BOANCĂ, Andrei RĂDULESCU, Alina ȘTEFĂNESCU
A 5-year-old mixed breed female dog was diagnosed with renal calculi and recurrent cystitis and referred for second opinion. The patient presented lack of appetite, abdominal distention, progressive weight loss, dysuria and haematuria. During clinical examination, temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rates were slightly elevated. Blood biochemistry revealed elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Using abdominal ultrasound examination, two ellipsoidal structures compatible with uroliths were visualized in the left kidney and proximal ureter. Abdominal radiography showed an irregular radiopaque calculus in the pelvis of the left kidney, confirming the ultrasound diagnosis, unilateral nephroureterolithiasis. Urinalysis confirmed struvite. Urolithiasis is a general term referring to aggregates of crystalline that can lead to ureteral obstruction, deterioration of renal function, bacterial urinary tract infection, haematuria and pain. Ureteral obstruction is a common indication for surgical intervention in small animals. Following abdominal radiography, nephrolithotomy and ureteral stenting were performed. Ureteral stenting is frequently performed following ureterotomy or ureteral anastomosis in order to reduce the risk of ureteral stricture. Ureteral stenting is the surgical treatment providing a direct communication between the bladder and kidney.
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