Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Adina-Mihaela PÎRVU, George-Laurențiu NICOLAE, Manuella MILITARU

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignant neoplasm arising from skeletal muscle, occurring predominately in young individuals. In dogs, is most commonly located in the urogenital tract, followed by head, neck, face, limbs and skin, mammary gland included. This article reviews the microscopic patterns, diagnostic and prognostic aspects of RMS in dogs. In veterinary medicine, the classification of RMS into subtypes is based only on histologic characteristics, with no relevance in regard of prognosis. The prognosis depends on the severity and extent of invasiveness, as well as the presence of metastases. Macroscopic aspects are variable, as well as cellular morphology and histological patterns. Immunohistochemistry is used to confirm the diagnosis, RMS being positive for vimentin, desmin, muscle and sarcomeric actin, myoglobin, myogenin and negative for cytokeratin and α-smooth muscle actin. Further investigations are needed to better understand the biological behaviour and outcomes of this tumour.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Lazarin LAZAROV

The clinical signs of acute pancreatitis depend largely on the severity of the disease, which can range from subclinical to life-threatening. The more common clinical signs are a direct result of inflammation of the pancreas or of the systemic effects of inflammation. The present study was performed in 83 dogs with spontaneous acute pancreatitis and 12 dogs with experimentally induced acute pancreatitis. The indicators general condition, appetite, vomiting, defecation, pain, mobility and reactivity were assessed. Both the frequency and the degree of manifestation of the individual clinical signs were taken into account. The most common symptoms were lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. There was a statistically significant difference between the experimental groups in the degree of manifestation of some of the signs, but not in the frequency of their manifestation.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Cătălina Nicoleta BOIŢEANU, Nicoleta CIOCÎRLIE, Florin NEACSU, Laurențiu TUDOR

King scallops (Pecten maximus), Atlantic sea scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) and Queen scallops (Aequipecten opercularis) were were directly caught from natural environment of North Atlantic Ocean and English Channel Bay of Biscay during four of Walther Herwig’s III (WH III) expeditions and compared with an enlarged range of frozen scallop purchased on the German market. Proximate composition, was examined in the muscle to identify changes as a result of freezing and processing. Investigations took place on-board and at the Max Rubner Institute Hamburg. In the investigated purchased bivalve molluscs samples, in two cases (Pecten spp., Placopecten magellanicus) perfect positive correlations (R2 = 1) were observed between the amount of phosphate and the pH values, while in the other 5 samples, the correlations were negative (R2 = －1). A negative but weak correlation was established between protein percentage and TVB-N % (R2 = － 0.26). There were calculated reasonable positive correlations between phosphate and ice glaze (R2 = 0.48).

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Raluca Mihaela TURBATU, Cristina FERNOAGĂ, Alexandru Gabriel NEAGU, Roxana-Mariana IGNĂTESCU (ȚÎMPĂU), Constantin VLĂGIOIU

Neurological pathology has known a marked expansion in recent years in veterinary practice in Romania, the diversity and complexity of cases representing a constant challenge for clinicians. Consequently, the diagnostic methodology was in a continuous dynamic, being influenced by the particularities of each patient and the accuracy of the available diagnostic methods. However, identifying the localisation of the lesion according to the correspondence of the neurological deficits with the functional segment of the brain (forebrain, brainstem, cerebellum, vestibular apparatus) remained an essential stage. Decerebrate rigidity, a comatose mental status accompanied by a decrease in the activity of the vital centres, and multiple deficits of the cranial nerves are cardinal signs of a brain stem lesion. This paper aims to present the clinical, neurological, and imaging features of 15 patients (dogs and cats) diagnosed with brainstem deficits in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, in 2021. Each case was conducted according to a standard protocol and the results were analysed to observe the population dynamics and possible predisposing factors.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Fabiola IONIȚĂ, Cristin COMAN, Mario CODREANU

Inhalation anesthesia systems are used in laboratory animal experimentation due to their safety, easily adjustable dosage and rapid return to consciousness. Isoflurane is currently the most common volatile anesthetic used in mouse studies. The study aimed to investigate the influence of isoflurane on the vital functions during inhalation anesthesia in two mouse strains (inbred and outbred), suitable for blood collection and minor surgery. Heart rate, pulse distention, respiratory rate, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation and rectal temperature were measured during anesthesia and compared to the same parameters measured on awake animals. Results showed a decrease in the heart rate by 26% during 2% isoflurane anesthesia, while the breath rate decreased by 42%. Oxygen saturation remained at 95%–98% and the vascular distension caused by the pulse was relatively constant. Both groups showed a decrease in the rectal temperature by 1,6-2.2°C during anesthesia, with temperature values normalizing in 1.5-2 hours after anesthesia. The overall effects of isoflurane on mice vital signs were moderate, both induction and recovery from anesthesia proceeded quickly (1-4 minutes), with a rapid return of the animals to their normal state.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Diana ȘIPOTEANU, Mădălina CIOARIC, Ivona ZĂBAVĂ, Maria Rodica GURĂU, Nicolae DOJANĂ

The paper presents the effects of long-term dietary supplementation with vitamin A (600 IU or 180 µg/kg diet), vitamin E (600 IU or 270 mg)/kg diet) or vitamin A+E (same values) on some biological traits of sperm in Cornish hybrid roosters from 40 to 57 weeks of age versus control. Ejaculate volume, sperm density, and motility were analyzed weekly from 47 to 57 weeks of age of the roosters. The analyzed traits decreased from week to week reaching the levels of the control two or three weeks later than control, showing an effect of improving of the analyzed properties of the sperm and prolonging the reproductive capacity of the roosters at least up to the age of 57 weeks of the roosters. These effects were recorded for both A and E investigated vitamins. Vitamin A better (significantly) improved ejaculate volume and sperm density, while vitamin E predominantly improved sperm motility. The association of the two vitamins in dietary supplements did not lead to potentiating, or mutual inhibition phenomena of the biological traits of sperm in any aged roosters.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Catalina Valeria GARBACEA, Emoke PALL, Mihai CENARIU, Ioan Ștefan GROZA

Maintaining proper asepsis and hygiene conditions in spaces intended for veterinary surgery remains a paramount for compliance with professional ethics. Moreover, environmental surfaces can contribute to the spread of cross-infections, and therefore constitute a likely transitory site for the accumulation of microorganisms. The aim of the current study was to evaluate, implement and measure the efficacy of a novel nebulization technique method for surface disinfection. The procedure was carried out in ten enclosed spaces used as surgery rooms within veterinary clinics. Disinfection was performed using Cube Atomizers, a nebulizer with a revolutionary spraying system, which transforms the biocide substance into microparticles that persist in the air for a long period of time, ensuring decontamination of the treated volume (air and all types of surfaces). Thus, using an approved biocide, the device ensured a successful disinfection of spaces, eliminating bacteria, and other biological pathogens. The microbiological tests were carried out before and after disinfection on different growth mediums (Agar for the total bacteria count, Chapmann for Staphylococcus, Holmes for Streptococcus, Levine for Gram-negative Cocci and Sabouraud for fungi). An increased efficiency of disinfection was observed, with a significant decrease in total bacteria count of almost 90-97% and the value of colony-forming units reaching 0 after nebulization in some cases; for Staphylococcus (Chapmann) there was a significant decrease, between 85-95%; for Streptococcus (Holmes) the decrease was almost 90-99%; for Gram-negative Cocci (Levine) the decrease was almost 92-99%; and for fungi (Sabouraud) the decrease was around 50%. The Cube Atomizers device is easy to use, can be fitted anywhere and guarantees safety for the user, environment, and all treated materials. Its revolutionary system ensures decomposition of the biocide into microparticles, leaving no residues.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Emoke PALL, Mihai CENARIU, Simona CIUPE, Cristian CRECAN, Ioan Stefan GROZA

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are harvested after birth; they are adult stem cells and, due to their unique potential, are considered very valuable tools for equine regenerative medicine. MSCs have self-renewal capacity and multilinear differentiation potential. Multiple protocols are used to induce the directed differentiation of these cells. The aim of our study was to evaluate the osteoinductive potential of a glycoprotein from the transferrin family, lactoferrin (Lf) on MSCs isolated from equine synovial fluid. The cell line (syMSCs) used for this study was obtained from synovial fluid samples from a healthy horse. The isolated cells were characterized morphologically, immunophenotypically and functionally respecting the standards of the International Society for Cell Therapy which were originally drawn up for human MSCs (cellular plastic adherence, expression of specific surface markers and trilinear differentiation capacity). The cells were cultivated in normal propagation medium for MSCs. For osteogenic differentiation, syMSCs were seeded at a concentration of 1 × 105 cells/3 mm well, and cultured in osteogenic induction medium with (3 different concentration: 20, 50, 100 μg/mL) and without Lf. The proliferation potential of the cells were assessed using CCK8 assay and the markers of osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase, ALP) were detected using fluorimetric assay. Our results demonstrate the osteogenic potentiation capacity of human lactoferrin correlated with concentration, thus our future studies will try to elucidate the osteoinductive mechanism of lactoferrin by applying genomics and proteomics techniques.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Daniswara Danindra DARMESTI, Roostita L. BALIA, Gemilang Lara UTAMA

This study aims to determine the resistance pattern of Escherichia coli in broiler chickens given Lactobacillus sp. during the maintenance period. A total of 48 chicken cloacal swab samples given Lactobacillus sp. and 48 samples of untreated chicken cloacal swabs were taken from farms in Cimarigi Village, Sukadana District, Ciamis Regency. E. coli was isolated and identified, followed by an antimicrobial susceptibility test using the disc diffusion method according to the Kirby Bauer method against the antibiotics amoxicillin (20 μg), erythromycin (15 μg), and ciprofloxacin (5 μg). Data on the diameter of the antibiotic inhibition zone were compared with standard bacterial sensitivity and classified as sensitive, intermediate, and resistant. The results showed that E.coli from both sample groups were 100% resistant to amoxicillin and erythromycin. The pattern of resistance to ciprofloxacin in the sample group given probiotics was 76% intermediate and 24% resistant, while the sample group that was not given probiotics was 96% resistant, 2% intermediate, and 2% sensitive.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Petronela Mihaela ROȘU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Cristian Romeo BELU, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Paul George STOICULEASĂ, Adela Ioana MUSTĂȚEA, Sorina Andreea MIHAI

This study aims to analyze and describe the morphological features of the bones that comprise the pectoral girdle (zonoskeleton), stylopodium, and zeugopodium of the thoracic limb of the Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) from Romania. The bones of a brown bear specimen, belonging to the collection of the discipline of Anatomy, were used. This species is protected and hunting is restricted. These particularities play an important role in differentiating this species from other carnivores. The data in the specialized literature is limited, to bone pathology, mechanics of the forelimb joints, and skull particularities. The analysis of the bones' morphological particularities leads to the following conclusions. The ratio of the supraspinous fossa and the infraspinous fossa is 1: 1, as seen in most carnivores. In this species, the infraspinous fossa is limited caudally by a straight and high thoracic edge (supplementary spine), smaller compared to the scapular spine. Posterior to the additional spine is another surface, intended to insert the teres major muscle. The humeral tubercles are short, and the lateral epicondyle crest is high, sharp, and drawn craniolaterally.

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