Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Elisa Florentina DASCĂLU, Mariana IONITA, Ioan Liviu MITREA

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) are the most important vectors of zoonotic diseases, presenting a high risk of causing diseases in animals and humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ticks and the identification of tick species infesting small ruminants in Southern Romania. The study was undertaken from March 2019 to October 2020, including nine sheep and goats flocks in four Prahova County premises. A total number of 2463 sheep and 1202 goats were examined and 76.53% of sheep and 81.2% of goats respectively were infested. Overall, from the infested animals 2233 ticks were collected and the following species were morphologically identified: Haemaphysalis punctata, with an overall prevalence of 66.5%, followed by Dermacentor marginatus (24.5%) and Ixodes ricinus (9.0%). The annual dynamics of tick infesting small ruminants in the investigated areas showed maximum tick abundance in April, for H. punctata and Dermacentor marginatus, and May for I. ricinus, respectively. To reduce the high prevalence of ticks and their impact on productivity in small ruminants, immediate attention is required as control interventions.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Sorina-Andreea MIHAI, Cristian BELU, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Petronela- Mihaela ROȘU, Anca ȘEICARU, Gabriel PREDOI

Ruminants are characterized by the presence of four separate gastric compartments. The volumetric ratio between the proper stomach and the compartments preceding it is not the same throughout the life of the individual. At the early stage of a calf life, the proventriculus is reduced and is not involved in the digestive process. In the specialized literature, there are insufficient data on the distribution of vascular formations in early life and the following evolution of these structures. Our study aims to identify some characteristics of the branches of the celiac artery at an age when the only functional compartment is the abomasum. Following the dissection of the arteries, the classic distribution of some formations was found, but also specific elements: the poorly development of the reticular artery, the presence of a collateral from the left ruminal artery destined for the cardia and the presence of three hepatic branches. Surgery in young cattle requires a thorough knowledge of possible individual arterial variations.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Simona NICOLAE, Iuliana CODREANU

The urinary behaviour in cats can be influenced by a series of physiological factors like age, physiological status and water intake. The present study highlights the age impact on the urinary behaviour, in terms of frequency and behavioural manifestation duration in different age groups. The study was carried out on 3 groups of clinically healthy cats, each consisting of 10 individuals grouped according to age: group 1 - youth, aged 3 months - 2 years old; group 2 - adults, aged 2-10 years old; group 3 - seniors, aged above 10 years old. The urinary behaviour was studied by performing individual ethograms, based on 24 hours/day video recordings, 5 consecutive days. The results showed that the highest urinating frequency/24 hours was recorded in youth, 62% higher than in adults, while in seniors the average frequency was 48.5% higher than in adults. Concerning the average length of the urinating session, the lowest mean value was recorded in youth, 27.9 seconds, 32.6% lower than adults, while in seniors the average value was 53.2 seconds, 28.5%, respectively 90.7% higher than adults, respectively youth.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Eleonora MONTI, Giulia MORETTI, Rolando ARCELLI, Alexandra PETEOACA, Lisa GAROFANINI, David FORTI, Antonello BUFALARI

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathologic condition characterized by progressive destruction of various components of synovial joints. The OA is generally associated with pain and inflammation and therefore lameness, which are capable to decrease the quality of dog life for a long period of time. Unfortunately, there is no treatment for solving OA, but it is possible to slow down its progression through a correct therapeutic approach which could relieve pain and improve the quality of life of the dog and, consequently, of the owner. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of enflicoxib for the treatment of naturally occurring canine OA. Fourteen dogs were treated for 13 weeks with enflicoxib (Daxocox®, Ecuphar NV, Italy) administered once a week at 4 mg/kg, with an initial loading dose of 8 mg/kg. From day 0 to day 90 efficacy was assessed by the veterinarian by using clinical pain and lameness scores, and by the owners using the Canine Brief Pain Inventory. At day 0 and 90 a complete blood count and a biochemistry profile were performed in all treated animals. From the first weeks of treatment, a meaningful improvement in the clinical and owner scores was noticed. In conclusion, long term weekly administration of enflicoxib at the proposed dosage, resulted in great benefit for the quality of life of the dog affected by OA.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Raluca-Aniela GHEORGHE-IRIMIA, Manuella MILITARU

Food products preservation was and will be of general interest, especially due to the current challenges faced by the industry. In this regard, data collection methods diversity represents an opportunity for extending the current knowledge in meat preservation. Meat and meat products microscopical imaging leads to obtaining some extremely useful information that cannot be substituted by any numerical equivalents of other comparative methods. This fact has been noted in many countries worldwide and was adopted as a complementary method for assessing the integrity, quality and shelf life of food products. In this regard, the aim of this literature review was to assess the benefits of using the histological method for freshness determination in meat and meat products, along with the documented procedure and interpretation.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Ioana POROȘNICU, Luminița-Iuliana AILINCĂI, Mihai MAREȘ

Mycotoxins are secondary toxic metabolites produced by filamentous fungi, which are predominantly found in agricultural products worldwide. Mycotoxins appear in the food chain due to fungal contamination of crops both before and after harvest. Exposure to mycotoxins can occur by consuming contaminated food (a direct factor) or by consuming feed contaminated by animals, through milk (an indirect factor). Fungal proliferation and mycotoxin production have a higher input due to environmental factors. Chemically, most mycotoxins are stable and thus survive food processing. Among the most important mycotoxins are aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and trichothecenes. The species that synthesize these mycotoxins belong to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium and, unfortunately, they can trigger mutagenic, nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, cytotoxic, neurotoxic and estrogenic effects. This paper provides an overview of the world of mycotoxins, from emergence to adverse effect on contamination of agricultural products, which is of major importance as it affects food and feed safety, food security and trade.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Seralp UZUN, Iuliana IONASCU, Florin DUMITRESCU, Dragos-Marian DUMITRASCU, Tiberiu Sebastian IANCU, Radu JERCAU, Catalina GEORGESCU, Dumitru MAGALEAS, Georgeta FILIP, Ada IONESCU

High-rise syndrome is a general definition of multiple traumatic injuries that cats experience after falling from a height of 2 or more floors of high-rise buildings in urban areas. This falling generally results with multiple injuries including thoracic, abdominal, orthopedic and craniomandibular or craniomaxillofacial trauma. The combination of multiple traumatic injuries can be life threatening. 50 cats diagnosed with high-rise syndrome between period December 2021 - December 2022 in Veterinary Emergency Hospital, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Thoracic trauma was diagnosed in 82% of cats. Pneumothorax was diagnosed in 54% of cats and Pulmonary contusions diagnosed in 50% of cats. Some cats diagnosed both pneumothorax and pulmonary contusion. Past 30 years, some authors pointed and rated the injuries they diagnosed in their articles and case reports. The aim of this study is to point increased thoracic trauma after high-rise syndrome related with hitting more hard grounds than past years in urban areas.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Seralp UZUN, Iuliana IONASCU, Dragos-Marian DUMITRESCU, Tiberiu Sebastian IANCU, Catalina GEORGESCU, Dumitru MAGALEAS, Radu JERCAU, Georgeta FILIP, Ada IONESCU

Blunt force traumas that are caused by hit-by cars, animal abuse and bite wounds on the thoracic region can end up with flail chest in dogs. Flail chest, is one of the serious injuries with presence of two or more continuous ribs fractured. As a result, a portion of the thoracic wall with fractured ribs moves paradoxically in inspiration and expiration. According to many previous case reports, mortality rate is high in this life-threatening situation. Patients present in emergency with thoracic pain and shortness of breath (SOB). 9 years old, female Shih-Tzu breed dog clinically presented with severe dyspnea, pain and paradoxical movement of the chest on the left side of the thorax. 24 hours after the patient’s stabilization, CT scans revealed loss of the intercostal muscle integrity and 5 ribs fractures on the left thoracic region. After the imagistic certain diagnosis, the dog was taken to reconstructive thoracic surgery.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 1
Written by Iuliana IONAȘCU

Recently used in veterinary medicine, the diode laser represents the surgical option for the entire eye pathology in dogs and cats. It is indicated in: eyelid tumours, trichiasis, distichiasis, conjunctival tumours, iris melanosis, uveal cysts, iris tumours, intraocular tumours, retrobulbar tumours and glaucoma. The diode laser for veterinary use has programs set for each surgical option, which provides intraoperative comfort for surgeon. The study was conducted over a period of 3 years (November 2019-November 2022) in 161 patients. The favourable postoperative evolution with the absence of complications was highlighted in the case of tumours, uveal cysts, and iris melanosis. In glaucoma cases, transscleral cyclophotocoagulation is not effective, 85% of the cases remained blind. The use of the diode laser in the case of symblepharon highlighted the rapid recurrence accompanied by neovascularization. Experimental using of diode laser in pigmentary keratitis revealed a short period of time with clear cornea after removing the pigmentation and the neovascularization was abundant.

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