Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Nicolae Tiberiu CONSTANTIN, Florin Petrișor POSASTIUC, Crina Raluca ANDREI, Ovidiu GEICU, Florin IORDACHE, Loredana STANCA, Liviu BÎLTEANU, Andreea Iren ȘERBAN

Bovine herpesvirus-1(BoHV-1) infections can be asymptomatic nonetheless it can also cause systemic illness in young calves and several diseases in adult cattle, including infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, infectious pustular vulvovaginitis and abortions. BoHV-1 can also establish recurrent life-long latent infections after primary infection. For viral load detection and quantification, we analysed blood samples from 19 asymptomatic pregnant cows belonging to three different breeds (Montbéliard, Holstein and Romanian Black Spotted). Viral DNA extraction from plasma was performed using the Nucleic Acid Extraction or Purification Reagent Kit (Medicalsystem Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Ningbo, China), and the Auto-Pure 32A automatic extractor (Allsheng Instruments Co., Ltd. Hangzhou). The BHV-1 putative fibronectin binding protein Genesig Advanced Kit (Primerdesign Ltd, UK) was used for qPCR amplification. The qPCR reactions were performed on a CFX96 Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA). After analysis of the amplification curves, only one sample out of 19 was positive with a viral load of 4×103 copies/mL of blood. The affected animal was asymptomatic, which emphasizes the need for recurrent testing of transmissible infectious pathogens, and increasing biovigilance for minimizing eventual economical losses.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Andrei CĂLINOIU, Mihai-Romeo DINICĂ, Laura-Cătălina DUMITRA, Ștefania Mariana RAITA

The aim of this paper is to highlight the invaluable contribution of histological techniques used to assess the quality of meat products deemed for human consumption. Additionally, histological analyses assist with the study of what effect natural vegetarian solution extracts have on the products' quality, effect reflected by the impact on preservation properties of meat products. One hundred industrially and traditionally processed and preserved fragments of tenderloin samples were prepared for histological analysis. After prelevation tissue samples were fixed with formalin solution. Samples were individually rinsed with distilled water, stained with hematoxylin-eosin and with Mallory technique. Results: muscle fibres rarely displayed their biological integrity and numerous vacuole were identified as a result of the use of brine in the industrially processed samples. Traditionally processed tenderloin displayed an unaltered muscular fibre structure. The quality of the traditionally processed product was assessed as superior when compared to the industrially processed product. Conclusion: traditional methods of preservation were assessed as giving a superior quality to the end meat product.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Anca GOCAN (SECARĂ), Carmen Dana ȘANDRU, Diana OLAH, Gheorghiță DUCA, Constantin CERBU, Aurel VASIU, Emoke PALL, Cristian VĂLEANU, Marina SPÎNU

Swine are considered one of the most important species of food animals worldwide, the majority of meat for human consumption in numerous countries being represented by pork. Sometimes heavily treated with antibiotics to maintain herd health, swine could be considered a sentinel species for humans in respect to antibiotic resistance.The research compared the dynamics of antibiotic resistance by distance between an intensive farm, where antibiotic use is considerable, and small households, with no antibiotic use, at 5 (A) and 10 (B) kilometers from the farm. Twenty-eight clinically healthy pigs (n = 16, farm, n = 6 A, n = 6 B) were sampled. Standard microbiological techniques, identification of the strains by Vitek 2 system and Kirby Bauer test to assess the antimicrobial resistance were applied. Of the total bacterial species identified, E. coli (72%) dominated while 10% were Gram+ bacilli and 10% Gram - unidentified coco-bacilli. The highest MAR (multiple antibiotic resistance) index was calculated in E. coli (MAR = 0.88, A and B) and also two other strains from the farm (MAR = 0.77). The high MAR indices stand for the presence of antibiotic resistance in untreated animals, urging for a more accurate surveillance of the phenomenon.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Emanuela BADEA, Gheorghe GORAN, Cristina ȚOCA, Cristian MUȘETESCU

This study aimed to examine the use of wool from sheep and hair from cows raised in the commune of Bran, Romania as a possible indicator of environmental exposure to lead and cadmium. In addition, the samples collected from sheep and cows were analysed both unwashed and washed in order to determine a possible difference between lead and cadmium concentrations. The samples were analysed for heavy metal concentrations using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Statistical analysis showed that there are no significant differences between the concentrations of lead and cadmium in washed and unwashed sheep wool and cow hair, respectively.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Gheorghe Valentin GORAN, Emanuela BADEA, Carmen Daniela PETCU, Oana Diana MIHAI, Liliana TUDOREANU

A comparative study of trace elements and macrominerals in pork can provide valuable information about how the safety and nutritional level of the meat is affected by the cooking method. This study aimed to assess the effects of three cooking methods (roasting, boiling, and microwaving) on the mineral composition of pig leg. In this study, minerals' concentration in raw and cooked pork samples were determined by ICP-OES. Roasting, boiling, and microwaving can lead to different effects on the minerals and the toxins present in the meat. The studied cooking methods influenced the mineral composition and nutritional value in cooked pig leg samples compared to raw ones, with impact on the minerals’ intake. Generally, macromineral levels increased in cooked pork samples and trace elements decreased, with roasting improving the mineral nutritional value of pig leg.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Oana Diana MIHAI, Carmen Daniela PETCU, Dana TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Corina PREDESCU, Gheorghe Valentin GORAN, Elena MITRĂNESCU, Emanuela BADEA, Oana Mărgărita GHIMPEȚEANU, Emilia CIOBOTARU-PÎRVU

Over time, meat has played an essential role in human evolution and is an important component of a healthy and balanced diet, a fact due to the nutritional richness that varies depending on a number of factors. Pre-slaughter stress is a crucial factor in meat quality and safety. Animals intended for slaughter are stressed by a variety of endogenous and exogenous factors. Slaughter is a complex process, and there is clear evidence in the literature, that pre-slaughter stress is harmful to the meat quality. Therefore, the purpose of stunning is to render animals unconscious during bleeding, without causing pain or stress. In some countries, cattle are slaughtered by a religious method, without stunning, namely the halal slaughter practiced by Muslims and the kosher slaughter practiced by Jews. The study was carried out during 2020-2022, on two batches of conventionally slaughtered cattle (with stunning), on one batch of halal slaughtered cattle (without stunning and on one batch of traditionally slaughtered cattle (without stunning). Within the slaughterhouses, the technological flow of slaughtering cattle was followed and blood samples were collected in order to extract serum and dose cortisol. Cortisol was dosed in a specialized laboratory using the immunoenzymatic method with chemiluminescence detection. Comparing the analyzed batches, it can be seen that higher average values of the cortisol level were recorded in the batches slaughtered in the traditional halal system, compared to the conventionally slaughtered batches. The values recorded for all four batches, exceed the reference range of 0.47-0.75 μg/dL. Excessive handling of cattle induces their stress, therefore special attention must be paid to the rest period before slaughter, to physiologically rebalance the body, but also to the slaughtering process, to minimize stress levels and ultimately improve meat quality obtained, because it has been shown that there is a direct correlation between the quality of the meat and the way the animals are slaughtered, more precisely with stunning or without stunning.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Georgeta DINESCU, Elvira GAGNIUC, Gabriel TOMESCU

Marek's Disease is an oncogenic disease that affects both commercial and backyard poultry, caused by Alphaherpesvirus. Lymphoproliferative syndromes are characterized by lymphoma and are most commonly represented by T lymphocyte proliferation, with involvement of several visceral organs. Six poultry from the same population, aged between 1-12 years, non-vaccinated, have been examined after death. The following investigations have been done: gross examination, histopathology, immunohistochemistry (anti-CD3 antibody for T-lymphocytes and anti-PAX5 antibody for B-lymphocytes), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Macroscopically, all the poultry presented hepatic tumour nodules, along with tumoral enlargement of the sciatic nerve. Inconsistently, neoplasms in other organs, such as the spleen, heart, pharynx, and ovary, have been observed. The histopathological findings on the tumour mass showed a proliferation of small to large lymphocytes. Tumour cells were characterized by large pleomorphic nuclei with prominent nucleoli. The immunophenotype of transformed cells was identified as CD3 positive by immunohistochemistry; in contrast, PAX5 was negative. Virus presence confirmation was achieved through PCR. In conclusion, Marek's Disease can manifest in chronic form, at any age, being characterized by pleomorphic lymphocytic infiltration on a systemic involvement.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Alina Elena ȘTEFAN, Daniela GOLOGAN, Sorin MUȘAT, Matthew Okerlund LEAVITT, Raluca STAN, Manuella MILITARU

The need of issuing medical diagnoses with fast turn-around times (but without compromising accuracy) is generating technical challenges in all stages of histological processing. Because of the multiple variables related to tissue harvesting, processing, and sectioning quite often the resulting histological slides reach the pathologist with fragmented or incomplete tissue sections. In the present study we evaluated the feasibility of a new method of multiplexing tissue specimens with irregular shapes by placing them during grossing into sectionable matrices (BxFrame™ GRID). The working time required for a histotechnologist in obtaining multiplexed preparations as well as the costs of laboratory supplies was compared with conventional methods. Five different types of tissue (duodenum, brain, heart, tail, and skin) were placed in BxFrame™ matrices, and subjected to histological processing, sectioned, and stained. The new multiplexing method reduced the total working time with 45% to 70% when compared to conventional methods (depending on the type of tissue) while the cost of consumables was reduced with up to 70%.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Alexandra Mihaela CRISTIAN, Niculae TUDOR, Mario CODREANU, Ana DOBRIN, George NICOLAE

Melanoma is a relatively common type of cancer in horses, particularly in those with gray or white coats. As horses age, the likelihood of developing melanoma increases, and it is estimated that around 80% of aged populations of gray horses will develop the condition. A 20 year-old grey Standardbred female was referred to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest presenting with insidious weight loss over the past year, depression, inappetance, cutaneous masses and pigmented peri-anal masses likely melanomas. Clinical examination revealed normal respiratory rate, cardiac frequency în normal parameters. Different firm well-circumscribed masses were also palpable in the various locations. The X-ray revealed the absence of pulmonary masses or pathogenetic consequences of primary tumor, without modifications of the pulmonary area and the absence of specific pattern lung. The ultrasonographic examination revealed the presence of inhomogeneities with areas of hypoechogenicity, well delimited by a hyperechogenic capsule. The cytological aspects characteristic of the diagnosis of melanoma were presented and identified regardless of the collection site.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIX, Issue 2
Written by Diana ȘIPOTEANU, Mădălina CIOARIC, Ivona ZĂBAVĂ, Emilia CIOBOTARU-PÎRVU, Nicolae DOJANĂ

The paper presents the effects of long-term dietary supplementation with vitamin A and vitamin E on the testicle and epididymis morphology in roosters. The roosters were fed on diets enriched in vitamin A (600 IU/kg of diet) and/or vitamin E (60 IU/kg of diet) from 40 to 57 weeks of age. Histology and morphometry studies were performed on the testicle and on epididymis duct of the experimentally fed rooster. A better preservation of the seminiferous epithelium, refinement of seminiferous pericanalicular connective tissue, small islands of Leydig cells as well as the relative maintenance of the richness of the seminiferous pericanalicular blood vasculature are noted for vitamin supplemented groups versus control. Both vitamins diminished the ageing effects on the thickness and structure of the epididymis epithelium. Both vitamins prolonged the maintenance of Sertoli cell density (P ˂ 0.01 versus control). The lumen epididymis fluid contains smaller amount of detached cytoplasmic fragments, cilia, and nuclei versus control. Vitamin A mainly protects the spermatogenesis line, while vitamin E mainly protects Sertoli and Leydig cells. No mutual inhibition or potentiating effects of the two vitamins were revealed.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Page 1 of 3

The publisher is not responsible for the opinions published in the Volume. They represent the authors’ point of view.

© 2019 Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine. All Rights Reserved. To be cited: Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine.

Powered by INTELIDEV

Veterinary Medicine Journal