Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Alexandra Mihaela POPA, Stelian BARAITAREANU

Contamination of food with Salmonella is a serious public health concern, and Community legislation on animal health covers the control of salmonella as a food-borne zoonotic agent. However, salmonellosis is a common bacterial disease responsible for major foodborne diarrheal disease in companion animals. For this reason, in some circumstances, the stamping-out policy of Salmonella control is replaced by therapeutic intervention, but the use of antimicrobials is not always recommended. This paper presented the options of treatment in the food-borne diarrheal disease associated with salmonellosis in companion animals (dogs and cats). The actual concept of salmonellosis treatment in companion animals comprise symptomatic and supportive therapy, diet and client education (increasing the quality of life, restrict access to the animal, good hygiene). Diet will be adapted at particularities of each clinical case, and may involve food restriction (1-2 days) and a high digestible, low-fat diet. To increase the quality of life, the microclimate conditions should be reconsidered. Development of a treatment plan for salmonella infections aims to facilitate the application of the best therapy but especially the removal of possible errors. The form of treatment depends on the severity of illness. The symptomatic treatment consists of replacing fluid and electrolyte losses: polyionic isotonic solutions, plasma transfusions, hypertonic glucose solutions. Specific treatment is chosen after culture and susceptibility testing (DST). As a conclusion, therapeutic management of salmonellosis should be approached as a plan, following all goals and using the best antimicrobial therapy in order to control the risk of creating carrier animals.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Valentin-Cosmin SARACIN, Adrian VASILE

The paper is aimed to identify how large is the sector of organic farming in Romania and why this sector should be developed. Because of the changes in the social structure, the economic crisis and the ageing of population, Romania must identify other segments and industries for an economic prosperity. This study focuses on a market niche represented by organic farming. In order to present how large is the sector of organic farming in Romania, statistical data regarding agricultural areas and livestock under organic farming were gathered and analyzed. Results shows that organic farming has a low impact in Romanian agriculture, and in agro-food system, but because of accelerated growth of indicators, Romania has a big potential and interest in developing the organic sector. As a conclusion, it is a very interesting and attractive subject, because people are more and more focused on consuming natural products for a healthy life.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Gabriela-Dumitrița STANCIU, Mihai MUSTEAŢĂ, Gheorghe SOLCAN

The goal of the current study was to evaluate electrophysiological status of primary (EP) and secondary epilepsy (ES) regarding clinical and neurological findings. Other purpose was to analyze the interictal, intraictal and postictal parameters that could help to differentiate between the two types of epilepsy and a description of interictal epileptiform discharges (EDs) for a better understanding of canine epilepsy. Methods - 93 dogs with histories of seizures were referred to the Clinic for Internal Medicine from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iași, during the study period. Electrical potentials acquisition was performed using the electroencephalograph Neurofax S, MEB 9400K Nihon Kohden. Before the test, all dogs underwent general anesthesia with medetomidine hydrochloride (Domitor, Pfizer) 30 μg/kg inj. i.m. Stainless steel needle electrodes were subcutaneously placed, in an 8 channel bipolar montage, according to the model Redding and Knecht (1984). Results – In the present study, the neurological examination was suggestive of ES in 70% of cases in ES group, but in EP group clinical and neurological examination were typically unremarkable and postictal behavioural changes were occasionally observed. Interictal electroencephalographic examination of dogs with epilepsy often showed EDs. We found EEG changes that could be considered EDs in 88.88 % from dogs with primary epilepsy and 100% in those with secondary epilepsy. The EEG abnormalities identified were polispikes, spikes, sharp waves and spikes-waves complexes. As the EDs in our epileptic dogs, were often detected, the diagnostic value of the EEG in the work-up appeared to be very high. Conclusion – The clinical and neurological findings are important indicators, but not enough to distinguish between ES and EP. EEG in epileptic dogs seems to have a high sensitivity for detecting EDs in this clinical setting.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Andrei MARMANDIU, Carmina MARMANDIU, Ileana PĂUNESCU, Constantin CULEA, Iuliana NEAGU, Ion CUSTURĂ

In this study, were considered productive performance of juvenile Frăsinet carp, raised in intensive systems in a systematic ciprinicol farm. The inspection fishing activity carried out by an interval of about two weeks, at random, was body weight at different ages, and based on them, increase medium rais up. Also, main measurements were made tangible and corporal indexes have been calculated. Somatometric raw data were statistically processed and the following parameters were calculated: mean, standard error of the mean, variance, standard deviation and coefficient of variability. The summer I growth of populating, average weight of juveniles varied between 0.2-1.0 g/fish, and at the end of growth, fall, summer I juvenile has reached an average weight of 40-90 g/fish. Juveniles showed a good growth rate, according to the pond, the total average increase from populating the tanks until harvest fishing being 39.8-89.7 g/fish in 2009 (body weight increased by 199-299 times), 69.8-89.8 g/fish in 2010 (+349-449 times) and 74.0-89.0 g/fish in 2011 (+74 times). The main phenotypic features of summer carp Frăsinet, differs from the carp native populations, especially in relation to body length (total length and the standard 12.0 cm, respectively 11.5 cm,), the maximum height of the body (5.5 cm), high perimeter 11.5 cm, thickness trunk 5.4 cm, caudal of the peduncle length 3.7 cm. Except large trunk length and perimeter, the other body dimensions population analyzed is quite heterogeneous, as evidenced by the heritability coefficient values (13-28%). In first summer, the Frăsinet carp, demonstrated a correct conformation and a good body the proportionality of the optimal values of corporal indexes: 2% index of fattening, 2.1 profile index, 0.99 quality index, 47% index of thickness and 32.3% carnosity index.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Florina DUMITRESCU, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Cristian BELU, Diana LICSANDRU, Petronela ROȘU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Gabriel PREDOI

Even though specialty literature includes a series of publications regarding the muscles of pelvic limb of the African ostrich, there are still a couple of aspects that aren’t entirely understood. Therefore, a series of differences in regards to the insertions of the pectineus muscle and ambiens muscle can be described, as well as the usage of different terminology for the identification of the cranial muscles of the thigh. This study, conducted on 10 african ostriches of different ages and sexes, realized through classic methods and macroscopic investigations, aims to conduct a detailed anatomization of pelvic muscles, more precisely of the muscles whose topography is adjacent to the pelvic region. The nomenclature used was in concordance with the Nomina Anatomica Avium 1993, although this study also suggests other naming options, which from our point of view better reflect the morphological and topographical realities.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Florina DUMITRESCU, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Cristian BELU, Diana LICSANDRU, Petronela ROȘU, Gabriel PREDOI

This study, made on adult ostrich specimens, has the purpose of identifying the main characteristics of the pelvic belt at this bird and was motivated by the desire to complete existing data and to present anatomic elements using the terminology recommended by the Nomina Anatomica Avium. A very strong connection has been noticed between the ilium and the sacrum, strengthened by the forging in the medial plane of the preacetabular parts of the ilium. This aspect is very different from the ischium, which turns from a wide bone at the rest of the species, into a strong long bone at the ostrich that, with the exception of the cranial extremity, is separated through a wide space from the ilium. The absence of well-known anatomical features of birds from other orders was noticed, such as : the ilio-caudal fossa, the iliac oblique crest, the infracristal cavity, etc while observing the existence of some specific features like an unique type of pubic symphysis.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Alexandra BLENDEA, Ioana CHIRILEAN, Irina IRIMESCU, Nicolae CORNILĂ, Mihai CORNILĂ, Aurel DAMIAN

Compared to known anatomical data, we appreciate that our observations underline certain particularities of the coronary arteries and their superficial and deep branches in the pig. The study was conducted in the Department of Comparative Anatomy of the USAMV Cluj-Napoca, in collaboration with the Department of Histology and Embryology of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, on 4 pig hearts samples. The clinically healthy animals aged between 2 to 4 months were commercially slaughtered by bleeding. The hearts were collected with their vessels intact. Using step-by-step dissection techniques we have harvested the 4 hearts, and in two of them we have underlined the origins of the left and right coronary arteries to inject them with a coloring agent (PALUX and red pigment), and the other two hearts were harvested for histological processing. After injecting the coloring agent in the coronary arteries the two hearts were submerged in a 10% formalin solution over a period of 24 hours, to fixate. Histological processing comprised the following steps: sample harvesting, fixation, wash, dehydration, paraffin inclusion, cutting, paraffin removal, hydration, coloring, clarification and mounting. Aside from the deep branches of the superficial coronary arteries, both the paraconal artery, the circumflex artery and the right coronary artery give off direct deep branches for the myocardium and for all of the papillary formations of the atria and ventricles. The histological aspects of the left and of the right coronary arteries are. The elastic fiber density increases with age, and the fibers are more numerous in the external half of the tunica media. In younger ages, the coronary arteries have a muscular type aspect and they present a tendency to become musculo-elastic arteries along with the ageing. The elastin is produces by the smooth muscle fibers of the internal layer of the tunica media, but also by the fibers of the adventitia, situated at the border with the tunica media.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Oana Cătălina PETREC, Iulia BUCUR, FLUERAȘU L., Ionica IANCU

Avian reovirus infection is prevalent in intensive poultry farming, especially in broilers, wich evolve with many anatomoclinical forms. The researches was carried out in a flock of 10500 broilers,from Cobb hybrid. This flock was monitored until the age of 41 days, by clinical and anatomopathological exams, performed biweekly. The results were processed and graphically presented. The tests performed were identified following anatomoclinical forms of reovirosis: arthritis- tenosynovitis, ascites, hidropericard, proventriculus inflammation, catarrhal enteritis and necrosis of the femoral head uni and bilateral. Arthritis- tenosynovitis appeared at the age of 19 days maintaining in a relatively constant frequency until the end of the experiment. Ascites occurred at the age of 26 days with a frequency of between 12.5% and 20%. The hidropericard appeared at the age of 26 days, with a frequency between 12.5% and 42.85%. Catarrhal enteritis was reported at the age of 12 days, with a maximum frequency of 57.14%. Femoral head necrosis was signaled from the age of six days in both forms(unilateral and bilateral). Unilateral necrosis had a frequency of 42.85% at the age of 41 days and bilateral had necrosis has the frequency of 71.42% at the age of 21 days. The results obtained showed reovirosis evolution in broilers, in several clinical forms, confirmation of the disease was demonstrated by the polymerase chain reactionreverse transcriptase.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Andra DEGAN, Dragoș BÎRȚOIU, Alexandru ȘONEA, Ruxandra COSTEA

During the gestation period, canine females go through physiological changes which can influence the way the anesthetics are absorbed, metabolized and excreted. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics of the drugs vary from mother to newborn. The drugs administered will pass through the placental barrier and carry across from dam to fetuses. For this reason, choosing the right anesthetic protocol for cesarean section can represent a challenge for a doctor, who has to keep in mind the well-being of both the dam and the fetuses. While choosing the anesthetic protocol to be used, the anesthetist will have to consider all of the above criteria, seeking to minimize the cardiological, vascular and neurological depression of the fetuses. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different anesthetic protocols which can be used, and to assess the benefits, as well of the disadvantages that each of the available medications and methods can present. The options of anesthetic procedures being considered during the caesarean section in canines are represented by general anesthesia or local anesthesia combined with general anesthesia. Of equal importance are the preoperative assessment and the potential recovery time of the mother, which can influence the immediate maternal care given to the newborns.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Mara GEORGESCU, Mimi DOBREA, Vlad Cristian DOBREA

Introduction: Due to the escalating antimicrobial resistance of numerous frequent pathogens, research on natural antimicrobial compounds is intensively published. One of the most in trend, yet controversial antibacterial natural products, is the Manuka honey. Manuka honey, produced from the Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium or Leptospermum polygafolium) tree, contains a unique antimicrobial factor (Unique Manuka Factor, UMF), which is absent in other types of honey. Aims: Commercial Manuka honey was investigated for assessment of antimicrobial effect against different Gramnegative and Gram-positive bacteria. Materials and Methods: Two types of Manuka honey with different UMF and one local polyfloral honey were assessed for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Listeria sp., E coli, Salmonella sp. Pure broth cultures were pour plated on agar and incubated. Each type of honey was spotted in a marked place on the agar, pending the examination of inhibition areas after another incubation period. Results: Commercial Manuka honey has antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus sp., E.coli and Salmonella sp., but not for Streptococcus sp. and Listeria sp. No antimicrobial effect was noticed for regular polyfloral honey. Conclusion: Using the described method, Manuka honey revealed an antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus sp., E.coli and Salmonella sp., the intensity of which was directly proportional with UMF.

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