Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Ioana M. BODEA, Aurel MUSTE, Giorgiana M. CĂTUNESCU, Cosmin MUREŞAN

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine promote skin regeneration through biomaterials that are easy to provide. Lately, many studies showed that bacterial biofilms can ensure the necessary conditions for proper healing. Several bacteria (Acetobacter spp., Lactobacillus spp., Azotobacter spp.) produce extracellular polysaccharides (cellulose, kefiran, alginate) organized in biofilms with different chemical structures. All have properties that grant medical application: cartilage and bone repair, nerve surgery and arterial stent coating. Bacterial cellulose, alginate and kefiran biofilms seem to have the qualities needed as wound healing dressings, but their characteristics and availability vary widely. The aim of this study was to summarize the current state of art on bacterial biofilms to discriminate among their specific properties and application in wound healing management. The comparison was focused on obtaining techniques, physiochemical characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of use. Cellulose, alginate and kefiran showed good results in wound healing processes, but it seems that cellulose and kefiran are the most used. Biocellulose can be obtained in multiple ways (such as stationary or agitated culture) thus the protocol varies depending on available laboratory equipment. Both cellulose and kefiran have high biocompatibility, kefiran presents antimicrobial activity as well, while cellulose can incorporate drugs. Alginate has all the properties of a wound dressing material, but it is difficult to obtain. In conclusion, bacterial cellulose seems to be the most suitable for local covering of wounds. It is studied extensively on laboratory animals and it is currently used in human medicine. However, there seems to be a lack of case studies on wound management of small animals, mainly cats and dogs.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Ioana M. BODEA, Aurel MUSTE, Giorgiana M. CĂTUNESCU, Cosmin MUREŞAN

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine promote skin regeneration through biomaterials that are easy to provide. Lately, many studies showed that bacterial biofilms can ensure the necessary conditions for proper healing. Several bacteria (Acetobacter spp., Lactobacillus spp., Azotobacter spp.) produce extracellular polysaccharides (cellulose, kefiran, alginate) organized in biofilms with different chemical structures. All have properties that grant medical application: cartilage and bone repair, nerve surgery and arterial stent coating. Bacterial cellulose, alginate and kefiran biofilms seem to have the qualities needed as wound healing dressings, but their characteristics and availability vary widely. The aim of this study was to summarize the current state of art on bacterial biofilms to discriminate among their specific properties and application in wound healing management. The comparison was focused on obtaining techniques, physiochemical characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of use. Cellulose, alginate and kefiran showed good results in wound healing processes, but it seems that cellulose and kefiran are the most used. Biocellulose can be obtained in multiple ways (such as stationary or agitated culture) thus the protocol varies depending on available laboratory equipment. Both cellulose and kefiran have high biocompatibility, kefiran presents antimicrobial activity as well, while cellulose can incorporate drugs. Alginate has all the properties of a wound dressing material, but it is difficult to obtain. In conclusion, bacterial cellulose seems to be the most suitable for local covering of wounds. It is studied extensively on laboratory animals and it is currently used in human medicine. However, there seems to be a lack of case studies on wound management of small animals, mainly cats and dogs.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Iulian DUMITRESCU, Gabriel PREDOI, Cristian BELU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Petronela ROȘU, Florina DUMITRESCU

Lately, experimental medicine used the ruminants as experimental animals. On the sheep were achieved even heart experimental surgery. However, the literature about the vascularization of the heart is not very numerous especially regarding large ruminants. This study was conducted to provide supplementary data for the literature. The study was carried out on a total of 12 specimens in which the hearts were dissected after insertion into the arteries of the contrast dye. It has been found that right coronary artery is smaller than the left. Subsinusal branch is given by left coronary artery, being an extension of the left circumflex branch in subsinusal groove. Right ventricular wall is crossed by 5-6 main collaterals of right coronary artery, some of their terminal branches showing anastomosis with corresponding branches of the paraconal branch of the left coronary artery. Right coronary artery is much better represented than the left. Its terminals have a size nearly equal.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Adelina PROTEASA, Roxana DASCĂLU, Larisa SCHUSZLER, Cornel IGNA

In Romania, in the orthopedic veterinary practice, splinting/casting was considered an acceptable treatment of some types of fractures, namely, stable, closed reductible fractures.The greatest advantage of this type of asset is the biological osteosynthesis, favored by indirect reduction, preservation of the blood supply of all fragments, including small ones, which easily can turn into bone sequesters when regional vasculature is impaired. External fixation provided by casts and splints has several significant advantages compared with internal fixation methods: no need for implants, low postoperative infection rate, minimal disruptions of the fracture hematoma and the low cost of the procedure. Complications that can occur, usually due to improper selection of cases, inaccurate application technique and / or poor postoperative management can be minimized by using the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis, maintaining the pros of bone healing.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Ioana COJOCARU, Andrei TANASE, Dorin TOGOE, Alexandru VITALARU

Alpine Grazing is a common practice used in sheep and cattle breeding. Milk from this number is processed and converted into local traditional products. Biosecurity products is ensured mainly by the short time between milking and processing , which prevents the multiplication of germs of any kind. Laboratory determinations ; TPC(total plate count) made for control and detection of pathogens (E. coli ) show that TPC(total plate count) is lower than for analyzes of milk from farms organized and collected , harvested at the factory for processing

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Gheorghe V. GORAN, Elena ROTARU, Liliana TUDOREANU, Emanuela BADEA, Victor CRIVINEANU

Milk from cattle species is an important part of human alimentation due to its mineral content, among other nutritional substances. Researchers have conducted studies to improve milk nutritional value, even reaching genetic manipulation in order to enrich cow milk with lysozyme, lactoferrin, and lactalbumin, components usually found in human milk. Mineral concentration in milk is an important quality parameter for human nutrition. Mineral concentrations from raw milk and blood were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in samples taken from 15 dairy cows farmed in a dairy farming intensive system situated in the south of Romania. Blood concentrations of all analyzed minerals registered strong difference to their concentration in milk. However, strontium concentration in milk is linearly correlated to calcium concentration in milk. This finding suggests that calcium and strontium use similar transporters at cellular level and compete for the same transport system. There has not been found a positive correlation between the milk obtained from daily production and the blood level of some minerals, although it can be observed that at productions of 53.9 L/day all elements, with the exception of iron, have higher levels comparative with the lowest milk production (15 L milk), that could be explained by the differentiated feeding required by the productive capacity of animals.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Andrei TĂNASE

Reconstruction of a long bone marrow is recommended in literature to remedy job by fixation with plates and screws or external fixation. In cases where small shirks are interested and a significant portion of bone length two metals are difficult to apply and sometimes resorting to amputation of the affected limb. Fix these cases with multiple cerclage if the most times to recovery of the same dimensions of the member member congener . Formerly an experiment performed on 4 cases of dogs and cats 5 cases of comminuted fracture which suffered femur and care were recovered version excess of 85%.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Laurenţiu Mihai CIUPESCU, Isabela Madălina NICORESCU, Rodica DUMITRACHE, Rodica TANASUICA, Veronica CIUPESCU

This paper summarizes five food-borne botulism outbreaks occurred in Romania from January 2010 till the beginning of 2015. In this period, from 54 food samples received from human botulism suspicion cases and 140 self-control samples, only five samples were positive to the botulinum neurotoxin detection by mouse bioassay. Traditional prepared food seems to be the most common way to get the causative bacteria from specific poisoning areas. The food matrices positive for BoNT were pork and fish meat, all of them made at home in a traditional way. The most frequent BoNT serotype incriminated was B, found in three outbreaks associated with homemade salted and smoked dried pork and one outbreak with a homemade salted and smoked-dried fish meat. Only in one case, two BoNT serotypes A and B were detected in the same sample (salted and smoked- dried pork meat). For certain regions, seems to be incriminated a certain type of BoNT. Amongst the five outbreaks, three were reported in the North-Western, one in the Western and one in the Southern area of the country, thereby these places could be assigned like botulism poisoning zones, but studies need to be continued.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Andreea- Bianca BOFAN, Iuliana IONAȘCU, Alexandru ȘONEA

Brachycephalic syndrome in dogs, also called congenital obstructive disease of the upper airway is described as a continuous process of anatomical and functional disorders of the respiratory and digestive systems. The syndrome is characterized by stenotic nares, elongated soft palate, everted laryngeal saccules and in advanced stages by laryngeal collapse. Clinically, dogs show signs of respiratory distress, such as: severe dyspnea, wheezing, coughing, snoring, exercise intolerance, increased respiratory effort, hyperthermia and collapse, and digestive signs, as: vomiting, regurgitation, ptyalism, pyloric stenosis and inflammation of the gastrointestinal segments. Medical management includes weight control and reduced physical effort. Patients with acute respiratory syndrome should be treated as an emergency. Surgical treatment requires wedge resection of stenotic nares or rhinoplasty, shortening of the soft palate or palatoplasty, and removal of laryngeal saccules. Early recognition and correction of brachycephalic airway syndrome has favorable long-term outcomes for the patient.

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Microbial food safety is an increasing public health concern worldwide. Campylobacter is a bacterium that can cause an illness called campylobacteriosis in humans. With over 200000 human cases annually, this disease is the most frequently reported food-borne illness in the European Union (EU). Campylobacter bacteria are a major cause of foodborne diarrheal illness in humans and are the most common bacteria that cause gastroenteritis worldwide. Campylobacteriosis are largely perceived to be food-borne, with poultry meat as a major source. The interest in determinations of Campylobacter in Romania started very recently, the first monitoring recording in 2007. Since then, every year there are tested about 450 samples represented either carcass skin from slaughterhouse or retail raw chicken meat. All samples have been performed accordingly ISO 10272/2006. The highest incidence of Campylobacter (63%) was observed in 2008, whereas in next years it was remarked a decrease. This decrease appeared especially consequently of implementation of hazard analysis of critical control point (HACCP). In the same period the Campylobacter’s prevalence in Europe was different, depending on country. The most frequently strains isolated were Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, these being the main strains involved in human campylobacteriosis pathology.