Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Georgeta DINESCU, Ioana Cristina FUNDĂȚIANU, Andrei TĂNASE, Elvira CONDRUȚ, Teodoru SOARE, Manuella MILITARU

Canine cutaneous histiocytic proliferative disorders are increasingly seen in general practice and they pose as both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for veterinary clinicians. This study aims to evaluate and describe the epidemiology and morphological features of the histiocytic proliferative disorders in dogs as well as to emphasize the importance of the cytological examination in the diagnostic approach. The study was conducted over a period of 5 years (2008-2012) in the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest and comprises a total of 130 cases of dogs with cutaneous lesions that had been diagnosed with cutaneous histiocytic proliferative disorders. The cytologically examined samples were obtained by fine needle technique (78%), either with or without aspiration, and by surgical biopsy (22%). The slides were obtained by sliding, imprinting or squeezing and either classical or quick May-Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) staining techniques were used. 26 cases were both cytologically and histologically examined. During this period a number of 3855 dogs were specifically examined out of which 1381 (35.8%) had cutaneous lesions. Of the 1381 dogs presenting cutaneous lesions, 130 (9.4%) were diagnosed with different histiocytic lesions. Of the 130 cases evaluated in this study, 80 (61.5%) were males and 50 (38.5%) were females, indicating that males are more prone to developing this type of lesions. The most frequently affected body regions were the trunk (37%) and the limbs (37%). 9.2% of the total number of cases had multicentric lesions. After cytological examination and according to the latest classification of the histiocytic diseases in dogs, the following lesions were diagnosed: canine cutaneous histiocytoma (54%), histiocytic sarcoma (29%), malignant histiocytosis (6.2%), reactive histiocytosis (5.4%) and atipical histiocytoma (5.4%).

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Georgeta DINESCU, Roxana PREUTU, Raluca Ioana RIZAC, Alexandru DIACONESCU

The current paper presents some cytomorphological aspects in different lesions of the bitch genitalia system, together with their significance for diagnosis. The study was conducted between April 2016 and April 2017 (one year) on 24 bitches with genital lesions. Of the 24 studied cases, six (25%) exclusively exhibited ovarian lesions, four (16.7%) only uterine lesions, four (16.7%) vaginal lesions, while in 10 cases (41.6%) both ovarian and uterine lesions were diagnosed. The sampling for the vaginal lesions was performed both preoperative, through fine needle aspiration(FNA) and impression, and postoperative through abrasive cytology. The uterine and ovarian lesions were sampled after the ovariohysterectomy, through exfoliative and abrasive cytology. The smears were Romanowsky stained and microscopically examined with an immersion objective. The ovarian lesions were tumoral (n=3) and cystic (n=3), the uterine lesions were represented by cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex, the vaginal lesions were tumoral - two fibromas and two transmissible venereal tumors (TVT), and the bitches that exhibited both ovarian and uterine pathologies, the uterine lesions were represented by cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH)-pyometra complex and the ovarian were represented by cystic ovariopathy (n=8) and tumors (n=2).The cytological examination was of maximum relevance for the tumoral lesions. For the cystic pathology it made the difference between degenerative lesions and cystic tumors. In CEH-pyometra complex, the cytological aspects were very diverse, in correlation with the evolutionary phase of the pathological process and the reactivity of the organism.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Gina Teodora GIRDAN, Roxana Georgiana ANGHEL, Mariana IONITA, Ioan Liviu MITREA

Heartworm disease is a serious cardiovascular and potentially fatal condition characterized by the presence of nematode Dirofilaria immitis in different developmental stages, found both in peripheral circulation, represented by microfilariae, and pulmonary artery and the right heart, represented by adult parasites. Diagnosis and identification of Dirofilaria species is complex involving antigen detection and microfilarial recognition. Therefore it is important for both animals and humans, improvement of rapid and efficient diagnostic protocols being a really powerful objective for epidemiological study progress.The purpose of the present study was to determine the exposure to D. immitis infection and other arthropod-borne pathogens of dogs living in Bucharest’ adjacent area. For this we used modified Knott’s technique and a point-of-care immunochromatographic test SNAP®4Dx® Plus. The modified Knott test is a concentration test that relies on lysing red blood cells and fixation of microfilariae for morphological examination, while, SNAP®4Dx® Plus represents an in-clinic diagnostic test that simultaneously screens dogs for 4 vector-borne diseases, including - Dirofilaria immitis antigen, and Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia ewingii, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma platys and Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies. A total of 175 dogs from Bucharest’s adjacent area were included in the study. Of them, 21.14% were positive for D. immitis antigens. However, the modified Knott technique revealed a total of 16.57% samples positive for microfilariae of which 10.28% were D.immitis mf, 4.57%, D.repens mf. and 1.71% Acanthocheilonema mf. Additionally, 3.42% of dogs were positive for Anaplasma spp. antibodies, 1.14% for Ehrlichia spp, and 0.57% respectively, for B. burgdoferi. In conclusion D.immitis infection in dogs from the greatest area of Bucharest is threatening high and therefore treatment and prophylaxis are needed to decrease the risks of disease since apparently healthy dogs harboring parasite serve as a reservoir of infection for other animals.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Ioana COJOCARU, Andrei TANASE, Adrian COMARZAN, Marius Mihai MUSTE

Deep flexor tenotomy in horses partially requires to correct carriage of the flexor tendon retraction as a consequence of improperly treated traumatic temasynovitis (granulomatous tenasynovitis, scar tenasynovitis, sicca tenasynovitis etc.). The clinical aspect highlights abnormal origin of the limb at rest with the support member in hostels, shartened stride and 1 grade lameness then 2. The treatment is limited to orthopedic surgery protocol followed of a rest period. Recovery occurs in about 60 days, and then the animal fully recovered.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Iulia BUCUR, Oana PETREC, D. MITRICĂ MĂRĂCINE, J. DEGI, L. FLUERAȘU

The clumping factor is a chemical compound found in the bacterial cell wall, which reacts directly with the fibrinogen, without using a plasma factor, causing the aggregation of bacterial cells in clusters with fibrin masses. The demonstration of clumping factor can be done with rapid kits containing latex particles sensitized with fibrinogen and IgG. Strains that have clumping factor or protein A, brought into contact with the kits ingredients, on a glass slide, produce an agglutination of the mixture. Research was made in order to detect the clumping factor in the staphylococci strains isolated from animals and, based on biochemical properties, were included in the following species: S. aureus ssp. aureus (82 strains), S. intermedius (114 strains), S. hycus (11 strains) and S. xylosus (12 strains). For the staphylococci strains, the clumping factor’s presence was tested with a commercial kit and the obtained results are the following: - S. aureus ssp. aureus (64 strains possessed clumping factor); - S. intermedius (79 strains possessed clumping factor); - S. hycus (the tested strains didn’t possess clumping factor); - S. xylosus (the tested strains didn’t possess clumping factor). The results show that the production of clumping factor is correlated with the species and also with the pathogenicity of the staphylococci strains.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Florin Gheorghe STAN, Cristian MARTONOȘ, Cristian DEZDROBITU, Aurel DAMIAN, Alexandru GUDEA

The paper aimed to present the gross anatomy of liver and its ligaments in guinea pigs. The liver is located into intrathoracic part of abdominal cavity, having six separate lobes (right lateral, right medial, left lateral, left medial, caudate, and quadrate) but well connected one with each other. The falciform ligament which apparently divides the diaphragmatic surface of the liver in two territories –the right and left hepatic territories, was complete, being attached to the undersurface of the diaphragm and the dorsal surface of the abdominal wall at the level of the umbilicus. Its free edge contains the round ligament. The coronary ligament was well delineated being composed by an upper and a lower layer. Both the right and left triangular ligaments were present. The left triangular ligament was well developed connecting the left lateral lobe to the diaphragm. Cranial insertion of hepatorenal ligament was visualized on the ventral border of the caudate process, then run to the medial aspect of the right kidney, and to the descending loop of the duodenum. The liver is also attached to the stomach and to the duodenum by hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligament. A free edge of the hepatoduodenal ligament, whose cranial insertion was on the cystic duct, down along the common bile duct to be inserted on right lobe of pancreas, it was clearly visualized.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Valentin NICORESCU, Gabriela CIOBANU, Maria CRIVINEANU, Camelia PAPUC, Corina PREDESCU

One of the major risks resulting from the consumption of honey is the presence of drug residues, especially antibiotics, because they are widely used for treating various diseases. The study aimed to evaluate antibiotic residues in honey, in terms of quality and quantity, by diffusimetric methods. Thus, the studied antibiotics were oxytetracycline and streptomycin, and their action was studied using three bacterial strains, namely Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. aureus ATCC 6538 strains proved to be very sensitive to oxytetracycline and streptomycin. Bacillus subtilis showed no zone of inhibition for the 4 concentrations of oxytetracycline and for all 7 concentrations of streptomycin, indicating the high degree of resistance of the bacteria to these antibiotics. The analysis of honey samples contaminated with oxytetracycline and streptomycin showed inhibition zones with radius segments that were not strictly directly proportional to the antibiotic’s concentration. In this respect, the tests carried out revealed the presence of inhibition zones even around the negative control. Both as such and diluted, honey caused the inhibition of bacterial growth, inhibition zones being directly proportional to the percentage of honey. In view of the fact that the honey itself possesses antibacterial properties, testing of honey samples in order to identify antibiotic residues cannot be achieved by microbiological methods, since there is a risk of obtaining false-positive reactions.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Marian GHIȚĂ, Gabriel COTOR, Rosalie BĂLĂCEANU, Leonard George TOBĂ

This study aims to determine the values of the main components of the calf electrocardiogram (ECG), because we believe that at this age, the knowledge of these values is useful in veterinary medical decisions. Duration of the ECG components (waves, segments and intervals) provides valuable information on electrical phenomena and therefore the mechanical activity of the heart during a cardiac revolution. Also, in our study we calculated the heart rate electrocardiographic (based on R-R interval), this being the main parameter for monitoring the cardiac function. To achieve the objectives we established a group of 10 healthy calves from Romanian Black Spotted breed, to whom we recorded the electrocardiograms at different ages. Electrocardiograms were then interpreted, and the results were compared with results obtained by other authors.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXI
Written by Iulia CRÎNGANU, Raluca NEGREANU, Dan CRÎNGANU

The medical saying states " it is easier to prevent than to cure " thus there are many ways to prevent and the easiest way is with proper nutrition which can prevent , delay or even stop the development of cancers in humans and animals . Reducing risk factors with a balanced diet ( without pesticides and artificial preservatives ) , drinking clean water , adequate amounts of antioxidant supplementation with vitamins and minerals and regular physical activity can prevent cancer. Protein malnutrition is usually associated with neoplastic disease , represented by what is called neoplastic cahexie which is the result of cumulating a deficiency in terms of the amount of protein and calories associated with metabolic effects induced by cancer. The cytostatic disease is a complex of pathological syndromes induced by chemotherapy medication that affects the whole body without discrimination. The whole complex of symptoms that appear due to chemotherapy was called ,,The cytostatic disease" by analogy with the disease caused by irradiation. Cahexia as paraneoplastic syndrome overlaps metabolic and immunological effects induced by chemotherapy, the detoxification and rebuilding of the cancerous body becoming a vital goal. Administration of both conventional detox agents and unconventional therapeutic products tested on dogs and cats with various forms of cancer such as PI Water ( ionized and structured ) and deuterium depleted water or DDW. Proper nutrition and balanced protein - carbohydrate - lipid is able to prevent tumor growth but also to improve the quality and duration of life for both human and animal patients with cancer.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Larion FLUERAŞU, Virgilia POPA, Marius IOVĂNESCU, Viorel HERMAN, Nicolae CĂTANA

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an infectious disease spread in intensive growth with endemic evolution and with economic significance. In Romania the disease was for the first time diagnosed in 1998 and nowadays the disease is prevalent in many farms of pigs. For detection of viral antigens were sampled lymph nodes with pathological lesions macroscopic characteristic of the PRRS, from cadavers of piglets from farms where the disease evolves, and from pigs with clinical evolution of the disease was taken oro-nasal fluid. Viral nucleocapsid antigen was detected using kit - Anti PRRSV monoclonal antibody labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate -BIO 268. The cytoplasm of cells, infected with PRRS virus, had a brilliant greenish yellow appearance due to the presence of the viral nucleocapsid antigens coupled with monoclonal antibodies labeled with fluorescein. Epithelial cells were rare, smaller, and fluorescent appearance of the cytoplasm was very evident. In case of the oro-nasal fluid smears, in the microscopic field were highlighted cells agglomerations with highly fluorescent cytoplasm. 19/30 (63.33%) of the examined samples (lymph nodes and oro-nasal fluid) were positive, respectively, 12/30 (40%) of the lymph nodes and 7/30 (23.33%) of oro-nasal fluid. Samples of lymph nodes and oro-nasal fluid were examined also through RT-PCR in order to create a correlation between the results provided by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and RT-PCR, regarded as the reference method. The results confirm that the DIF can be adapted but more research is required to establish the sensitivity and specificity of this method.

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