Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by Paraschivescu M, Paraschivescu M.Th.

The animal welfare, the animal protection organizations claim to be sustained, is treated as a psychical state induced by the psychic stress. Understanding of animal psychic stress requires a sensible treatment of the knowledge concerning the brain physiology. The answers to stress differ with the species, the breed, the category, the physiological state and the nervous type of the individuals. In dairy cattle psychical stress may cause alterations of the animal welfare associated with poor health and conducting to financial losses and lower labor productivity. But it is very difficult to appreciate how costly is dairy cows to experience the psychical stress. There are also claims that the organic synthesis taking place under stress condition is resulting in undesirable components for a safe human food. So, some causes of psychic stress and the way to avoid it in dairy cattle are discussed. It is concluded that animal welfare in dairy production is more a veterinary medicine question than a humanitarian one.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by Valerica Dănacu, Georgeta Radu, N Cornilă, V.Dănacu

Birds lung is composed of a network of interconnected intrapulmonary bronchi, gas exchange (hematosis) were achieved at the finest bronchioles. Left and right primary bronchi resulting from the bifurcation of the trachea to the syrinx cross the lung in caudo-cranial sense, their mucous continue with their lining air sacs. Their skeleton is made of cartilage plates from ring fragmentation. A tertiary bronchus together with adjacent lung parenchyma forms a structural unit called lobes. At the origin of air capillaries (atria) is observed atrial muscle circumscribing holes communication between para-bronchi and air capillaries. Elastic fibers are well developed surrounding smooth muscle fibers.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by I. Iscru, G. Predoi, C. Belu, B. Georgescu, I. Dumitrescu, Carmen Biţoiu, Florina Dumitrescu

The paper work was done on pieces from four adult specimens. They describe the articular surfaces, means of connection and additional items scapular-humeral joint, humeroradial, antebrahio-metacarpal and finger joints . Morphological similarities were confirmed with data from the literature but differential elements that have not been reported were identified and described.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by Vlase Ene, Curcă Dumitru

Diabetes mellitus, or simply diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a organism has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger). It is known that some dietary behaviors may increase the likelihood in which certain diseases occur both in humans and animals. The unidirectional diet may alter both the metabolism, as well as the level of some blood components (hormones, sugars, lipids etc.), which may be markers for the incidence of some morbid entities. These concepts may be applied to laboratory animals in order to induce metabolic syndromes in experimental conditions similar to the ones seen in humans. Diabetes in animals most commonly affects middle-aged and older animals and is most common in female dogs and male cats. There are two types of diabetes in animals, uncomplicated diabetes and diabetes with ketoacidosis. When diabetes occurs in young animals, it is often genetic and may occur in related animals. The purpose of the experimental investigations was the possibilities of inducing a hyperglycemic syndrome in mice (C57Bl6 strain) and in rats (Sprague Dawley strain), a syndrome similar to that found in humans after consuming fructose-containing processed foods.Pure substances like casein, maltodextrin, sucrose, fructose, cellulose were used, in two diets: - standard diet according to AIN-93M; - experimental diet consisted in total replacement of the corn starch, of the sucrose and of the maltodextrin with a 60% fructose diet. Compared to the standard diet fed lot, the glucose tolerance was disturbed in the experimental lot after 39 days of feeding with the 60% fructose diet, and glycosuria was detected at female with the two species after 79 days, which may indicate the disturbance of the dietary metabolism, that is characteristic to the hyperglycemic syndrome.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by Cristina Dinu-Pîrvu, Mariana Ferdeş, Alina Orţan, Maria Ichim, Viorica Chiurciu, Alexandru Nicolae Popescu, Letiţia Purdoiu, Simona Ivana

In recent years, a considerable effort was dedicated to researching methylxantine derivatives (MX), because of their effect on the hemorheology, increasing deformability, decreasing the aggregation trend of the red blood cells and the fibrinogen concentration. All of these properties turned MX into a drug eligible to be in peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders. At the same time, the pharmacological profile of MX and their short half-life make it a good candidate for encapsulation of drugs. Lipid nanostructures are a new technology for the encapsulation and delivery of bioactive agents. Because of their biocompatibility and biodegradability, along with their nanosizes, they have potential applications in a vast range of fields. They are able to improve the solubility, bioavailability and stability of bioactive agents, to provide protection of drugs and as well to prevent their unwanted interactions with other molecules, to ensure cellspecific targeting, to minimize adverse effects on healthy cells and tissues. This study aimed at developing the encapsulation of MX into biodegradable, biocompatible and non-toxic carriers. Lipid vesicles were prepared through a physical dispersion method using different ratios of lipids. We studied the changes that occurred in the entrapment efficiency, the particle size and the drug stability when different formulation parameters were modified. The physicochemical properties of the vesicles were significantly affected by the formulation parameters.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by STUDIES ON HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF THE ABDOMEN ON ADULT WORKER BEES (APIS MELLIFERA CARPATHICA)

In an initial phase, the studies aimed possibilities of including chitinous anatomical segments by using different fixing solutions in order to produce chitin lysis to facilitate cutting them. Various fixing solutions have been used (glacial acetic acid, Carnoy fixative, trichloroacetic acid, picric acid, acetone, absolute alcohol, Bouin's fixative, etc.) with variable terms in determining the degree of chitin lysis, which proved to be inefficient, the parts included being improper to sectioning (cutting friability and lack of integrity in tissue resulting from staining). In a later stage, they proceeded to a careful dissection, under the microscope, of the anatomical organs of the abdominal cavity in order to dissociate the anatomical segments present at this level to prepare it for inclusion. Processing of samples was also performed under the microscope until their inclusion in paraffin. Detailed histological examination of tissue and cellular structures, captures the structural aspects at a time. The serial sections revealed the histological structure of several organs located in the abdominal cavity. This positioning of organs in sections led to their identification, facilitating their microscopic interpretation.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by A. Damian, Al. Gudea, Alexandra Blendea, I. Ciama, F. Tuns, Irina Irimescu

The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardis) is known as the tallest land mammal of African origins. Its unique evolution has led to the development of singular morphological features. Its rare presence outside its natal continent makes the giraffe a rarely studied species in our country, which makes any new research regarding this species a valuable addition to our anatomic database. Materials and Methods: The study was performed in the Comparative Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca. One giraffe body and two cow skeletons were used to determine the anatomical differences between the thoracic, lumbar sacral and coccygeal segments of the vertebral column, the ribs and the sternum in these two species. The body was processed through usual techniques maintaining the thoracic skeleton intact due to the individual’s young age. The cow skeletons belong to our ossuary collection. We have chosen to compare the giraffe to the cow, because this is the reference ruminant for veterinary anatomy, well studied both in our country and on an international level. Results and Conclusion: The main differences, underlining biomechanical consequences, were registered in the thoracic, lumbar, sacral segments and in the sternum. The giraffe has an extra thoracic vertebra and an extra pair of ribs, but it has a smaller thoracic length ratio to the total body length. The lumbar and sacral segments each lack a vertebra. The sternum is narrow. The dorsal profile of the trunk has a more pronounced decline in height from the withers to the lumbar segment, and its general shape is dorso-ventrally narrowed to its extremities, making it more compact than in bovines.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by Ilie L.I., Tudor L., Furnaris F., Galiş Anca-Maria

The research has been conducted in order to determine the values of main chemical components in goat meat and establish a link between animal age and the values of these parameters. Age groups considered in the study have been goatling and adult goats. Samples were collected in 2012 from an approved European slaughterhouse involved in intra-authorized veterinary trade, fulfilling all specific legal requirements. For determinations were used following methods: moisture content by drying in an oven, protein content by Kjeldahl method, total fat content used Soxhlet extraction unit and ash percentage was determined by using calcination method. The mean values for the results obtained from the measurements made were: 77,6% moisture for goatling to 73,5% for adults goats,14,8% protein for goatling to 19,8% for adults, 1,74% fat for goatling and 2,88% for adults, 1,14% ash for goatling to 1,52% for adults goats samples. As it can be seen, as age increases, the major components with important nutritional role occupy a higher share of the goat carcass, resulting in superior technological and organoleptic characteristics compared to the slaughtered youth.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by Iuliana Codreanu, Gabriela Negritu, M. Codreanu, N. Dojană

The study of maternal behavior in sheep, can not be conceived without investigating of the anterohypofizary hormones implication in the expression (direct or indirect) of this type of behavior, as, for example, prolactin, FSH and ACTH. Thus, the literature indicates that prolactin, regardless of species, acting on the central nervous system, inducing and maintaining maternal behavior. It also initiates and maintains the mammary gland secretion, this effect is exercised only in terms of its prior action of estrogen and progesterone. To approach the role of prolactin in the induction and maintenance of maternal behavior and in the initiation and development of milk secretion in sheep, we used the antiprolactinic drug preparation: Bromocriptine. Thus, Bromocriptine was series administered in sheep, in doses of 1 mg - 2.2 mg/animal/day, from 4 days before birth up to 3 days after birth, following the effect of bromocriptine on weight gain in lambs, but also on the main biochemical constituents of blood.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 3
Written by Iuliana Codreanu, Gabriela Negritu, M. Codreanu, N. Dojană

The literature indicates a positive correlation between maternal behavior in sheep, milk production and administration of the ACTH hormone (Cortrosyn Depot as commercial product) involved in various metabolic processes (specific actions the ACTH hormone on the mammary Because an intense lactogenesis is associated with a positive maternal behavior, we considered it appropriate to study and quantify the implications of ACTH production and mammary gland development.gland in stimulating the lactopoesis). Thus, Cortrosyn (ACTH) was series administered in sheep, from the first day after birth until day 15 of lactation, in dose of 1 mg. It can be observed a positive correlation between maternal behavior in sheep, milk production and administration of the ACTH hormone (in the form of commercial preparation Cortrosyn Depot).

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