Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Loredana Mihaela Vasile ,Al. Şonea , A. Bartoiu ,I.Radoi ,Catalina Posea

Temperature is the key factor to maintain thermal homeostasis at warm-blooded animals. High temperature is a constant factor that influences reproduction at sows,where were found disturbances in the ovary, egg, embryo and fetus. Existence of critical periods in reproductive process is more vulnerable to heat stress than others. Excessive temperature of over 25 ° C,induce sows great harm materialized in weight loss during lactation, metabolic compensation efforts, reduced fertility, lactation capacity, the extension of prolificacy and unproductive. Is also worth mentioning that there was a decrease in voluntary food intake. Ambient temperature in the roof shelter of sows is recommended to be secured around 20 ° C, where maintenance is done in individual piggery without bedding. Where is necessary to ensure bedding, temperature may be lower. In conclusion, the temperature has an important role in improving reproduction indicators.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Iuliana Ionașcu, Georgeta Dinescu, Cucoș Cătălina Anca

Iris melanoma is a primary intraocular tumor with a high potential risc for metastasis, characterized by the presence of a single or a multiple hyperpigmentation focal areas, or diffuse hyperpigmentation of the anterior epithelium of the iris. This hyperpigmentation is due to an abnormal growth and proliferation of melanocytes. However, not any hyperpigmentation should be handled as a melanom, is required differential diagnosis with melanosis, iris nevi, iris cysts, iridal discoloration due to inflammation, or melanosis secondary to chronic inflammation process. Depending of the expanding and the size of the tumor, it may cause complications as glaucoma and uveitis. The enucleation, despite the metastasis risk, represents the only treatment option that can be considered.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Iuliana Ionașcu, Adina Bădicu – 6th year student

Recent studies have shown that a light stimuli of a certain intensity and wavelength can influence the pupillary response. The aim of this research is to evaluate the CPR and to establish its role in the differential diagnosis of ophthalmological and neurological disorders. CPR is part of the patients’ ophthalmological clinical examination protocol brought to the clinic of the Bucharest Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. These patients (dogs and cats) had one or more ophthalmological symptoms (progressive loss of vision, mydriasis, anisocoria, blindness) and/or neurological symptoms (nystagmus, torticollis, circling, ataxia, proprioceptive deficits). CPR examination was performed in the darkroom, using the IRIS-VET device. CPR is positive in healthy animals, represented by miosis. Negative, delayed or incomplete CPR (mydriasis) to the red light (630 nm, 200 kcd/m2) reveals an impairment of the photoreceptor cells of the retina, lesions encountered in retinal detachments, retinal dysplasia or progressive retinal atrophy. CPR absence to the blue light (480 nm, 200 kcd/m2) provides information about the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells. Negative CPR both to the red and blue light was present in glaucoma and optic chiasm disorders. The study showed that CPR is a fast and easy method to differentiate between ophthalmological and neurological disorders.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by M. Soare, Elvira Condruţ, Georgeta Dinescu, N. Tudor, C. Vlagioiu

At female dogs, the malign tumors have metastases potential, both on lymphatic way at the regional lymphatic nodules, as well as on sanguine way, on the lungs or in distant places of the body, including liver, spleen, heart and boned system. This case study presents a half-blood female dog, 11 years old, with mammary tumors at the level of the right mammary chain (M5) and partial mastectomy (M3, M4, M5), on the left mammary chain. The clinical examination also underlined ascites, anorexia, diarrhea and severe dyspnoea. The female was undertaking several complementary examinations: ultrasound, radiology, necropsy and histopathology. The ultrasound examination revealed the presence of liver hypo- and hyperechogenicity. The radiological examination revealed the presence of a large sized radio-opaque area (1.5-2 cm) on the right pulmonary diaphragmatic lobe and on the left cardiac lobe an area of smaller sizes (0.5 cm). From the necropsy perspective, besides the pulmonary and hepatic lesions revealed following the complementary imagistic examinations, it was revealed the presence of both pancreatic and renal metastases. The histopathological examination from the mammary lesion revealed the presence of a malignant epithelial tumor, the diagnosis being of complex type mammary carcinoma. The histopathological examination of the liver confirms the fact that the liver metastases have the same origin as the one in the mammary chain.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Andra Elena Enache, Iuliana Ionascu

The rabbit’s anatomy of the nasolacrimal system is unique, with a single lacrimal punctum and a tortuous nasolacrimal duct. Inflammation of the nasolacrimal duct, dacryocystitis, can be caused by primary infection with bacteria from the respiratory tract, secondary to infectious conjunctivitis or nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The latter can occur due to the rabbit’s anatomy features, the tears’ high content of lipid, dental pathology, as a result of chronic inflammations, foreign bodies, neoplasms and hyperparathiroidism. Further investigations to reach a diagnosis and to treat the condition may require general anaesthesia. A 5 year-old Angora rabbit was presented with dacryocystitis. The nasolacrimal duct could not be flushed. Conjunctival bacteriological samples isolated Coryneform bacteria, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas that were sensitive to tobramycine and gentamycine. Local treatment with tobramycine was initiated with no improvement. Radiographic investigations in order to assess dental malocclusion were declined. Clinical improvement was achieved with acetylcysteine nebulization therapy and regular flushing of the nasolacrimal duct followed by topical instillation of aqueous antibiotic solution.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Dégi János, Kálmán Imre, Stancu Adrian, Morar Doru

Streptococcus spp are common opportunistic pathogens of mammals and are associated with a variety of diseases affecting multiple organ systems. Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe, debilitating disease in adult dogs that can result in systemic illness and death. Toxic shock–like syndrome, a typically fatal sequel of necrotizing fasciitis in dogs. In dogs, S. canis is the most common streptococcal species isolated in cases of toxic shock–like syndrome associated with necrotizing fasciitis. This report describes a diagnostic management if necrotizing fasciitis in dog.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Georgeta Dinescu, Elvira Condruţ, Virginia Şerbănică, A. Feghiu

The malignant epithelial tumors (MET) are frequent and very important in the pathology of the dog’s skin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate these tumors, both epidemiologically and morphologically. During 2007-2011, a total of 3643 dogs have been specifically examined; 224 of them had MET. The specimens were obtained by fine needle aspiration (60%) and surgical biopsy (40%). During these five years, a total of 3643 dogs have been specifically examined and 1262 (34.5%) of them had cutaneous lesions, and 224 (17.7%) dogs were diagnosed with MET. The incidence of the cutaneous MET increased with a constant rate, from 12% in 2007, to 23% in 2011. No predilection of breed was observed, but the majority of the dogs were medium and large breeds. 57% were males and 43% were females. The median age of the affected dogs was 9 years. The neoplasms were located on the trunk (34%), head (32.5%), limbs (30.5), neck (3%). The attempt to correlate the incidence of the tumors with the season concluded that the majority of the diagnoses were established during spring (30.5%) with the fewest, during summer (12%). Cytological examination was the single method for investigating 47% of the surgical samples. Sole histological examination was used for 17% of the surgical samples and 36% of the cases were diagnosed by both methods of investigation. The most frequent MET were squamous cells carcinoma, (31%), tumors with adnexal differentiation - malignant trichoepithelioma, malignant pilomatricoma (24%) and basal cell carcinoma (21.5%), but rarely were diagnosed: sebaceous carcinoma, apocrine carcinoma, and eccrine carcinoma. A constant increase of the incidence of cutaneous MET was observed in dog and the importance of cytological and histological examination was also demonstrated.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Ilea Ioana Cristina, Pall Emoke, Ciupe Simona, Cenariu M., Roxana Roman, I.S.Groza

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are playing an important role in tissue engineering. Because of their properties to differentiate in multiple lineages, these cells became promising materials for the treatment of different types of degenerative disease, including bone disorders. In order to evaluate the distribution of xenogeneic MSCs engraftment, the aim of our study was the screening of human CD44+ MSCs distribution after intraperitoneal transplantation in a mouse model for osteoporosis. Human MSCs were harvested from the palatal subepithelial connective tissue. The cells were grown in DMEM/F12 (Sigma Aldrich) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 mg/ml streptomycin. After i.p. transplantation of 1,1x106 CD44+ hMSCs in a mouse model, the screening of donor cells engraftment from blood samples was assessed at 4 and 11 days post-transplantation. The mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation at 14 days, followed by human MSCs engraftment assessment in blood, bone marrow and spleen samples. Results were quantified by immunophenotypic characterization with FACS Canto II flow cytometry system (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). Our data confirmed the special homing characteristic of human MSCs in a mouse xenograft model. At 4 days post injection, in blood samples was found a percentage of 0,5% CD44+ cells and at 11 days, a percentage of 0,1% of CD44+ cells. At 14 days, a percentage of 0,1 % CD44+ human MSCs was found in blood as well as in bone marrow, but all spleen samples were negative.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Violeta Enăchescu, Mariana Ioniță, Ioan Liviu Mitrea

For serological investigation of N. caninum infection in dogs more tests are available, including indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), often considered as the reference test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 28 dogs were screened with a commercially multi-species indirect ELISA, including a subset of 9 samples previously tested by IFAT 1:50. A partial correlation was attempted between the two tests at the cutoff recommended by the manufacturer. Seroprevalence on ELISA was 10.7% (3/28, CI95%=2.26-28.23), and all positive samples were also positive on IFAT. From previously tested samples by IFAT (8 positive and one negative), only 4 samples had the same result by ELISA (3 positive and one negative sample) and one sample was doubtful. Regarding the double tested samples, a poor agreement was found between the two tests (k=0.135) and difference between the prevalence obtained by the two techniques was statistically significant (p=0.05). Sensitivity and specificity were not determined because of the low number of samples tested so far, but is already planned in an outgoing experiment, as well as testing Neospora IFAT positive samples for Toxoplasma, to exclude false positive results. It seems that IFAT is more appropriate than indirect ELISA for seroprevalence studies, and use of this indirect ELISA may require some techniques for adjustment of misclassifications.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Ionita Mariana, Violeta Enachescu, Ioan Liviu Mitrea

Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) represent an important group of illnesses affecting dogs around the world. In addition to their veterinary importance, some CVBD-causing pathogens are of major zoonotic concern, with dogs potentially serving as reservoirs and sentinels for human infections. The present study aimed at assessing the seroprevalence of some selected arthropod-borne pathogens (Dirofilaria immitis, Ehrlichia canis, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum) in stray dogs from Bucharest’s areas, using point-of-care assays: SNAP® Heartworm test (n=16) and SNAP 4DX (n=75), IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook, ME. The SNAP heartworm detects only D. immitis antigen, whereas the SNAP 4DX detects D. immitis antigen and antibodies against E. canis, A. phagocytophylum, and B. burgdorferi. All animals displayed no clinical signs at the physical examination, therefore they were assumed as clinical healthy. Overall, 30.77% (28/91) of the dogs were serologically-positive to one or more of the tested pathogens. The prevalence of positive test results was as follows: D. immitis, 18.68% (17/91), E. canis, 4.00% (3/75), A. phagocytophilum, 16.00% (12/75). Three dogs (4.00%) were co-exposed to D. immitis and A. phagocytophilum and one (1.33%) was co-exposed to E. canis and A. phagocytophilum. There was no evidence for Borrellia infection. This study provides on insight of exposure to certain pathogens infecting stray dogs in some areas of Bucharest, emphasizing high risks for vector-borne diseases.

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