Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Iulia Paraschiv, Manuella Militaru, Laurenţiu Tudor

Tumoral lesions in psittacines are, nowadays, clinically diagnosed with increasing frequency. This study is aimed to evaluate clinic and epidemiologic characteristics together with the efficiency of the cytologic, histopathologic and necropsic diagnosis on lesions in parrots. A total of 23 cases were examined at the Department of Pathological Anatomy of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest during September 2011 - October 2012. 19 standard budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus), two cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus), one lovebird (Peach-Faced Agapornis) and one cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) were clinically examined. Sex of the birds was not significant in the tumor incidence. Regarding age, 17 cases were 1-5 years old and only 6 over 5. Regarding topography, 7 cases presented lesions in the pectoral area, 6 cases in the abdominal area and, same number, in the wing region and one case each for the uropygial region, legs, eye, cere and beak. Microscopically, most of the cases were diagnosed as tumors and only one as inflamatory process. The majority were classified as malignant proliferations, from which five had mesenchymal origin (four fibrosarcomas and one hystiocitic cell sarcoma) and one, epithelial origin (a basal-cell carcinoma). The benign lesions had a mesenchymal origin (one hemangyoma and two lypomas). Malignant cases had a poor survival rate, under three weeks for mesenchymal neoplasms and one week for the epithelial one. All in all, this study revealed that most cases of lesions in parrots were 1-4 year old, located either on trunk or wing and the majority confirmed a malignant proliferation.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Sorina Eugenia Filip, Iulian Togoe, Lucica Comanescu

The swine from the present study confront with serious breathing and reproduction problems specific to PRRS disease (Rotaru 2005). This disease affects the immune system of pigs and has a concomitant evolution with another viral and bacterial infection. PRRS is recognized around the world by the economical impact that it produces in swine breeding units (Perianu T. et al 2005). It is a viral disease with endemic evolution characterized by reproduction alert signs to sows and by breathing signs to young pigs( Benfield, 1999). In most of the cases of evolution the multiple ethyology includes the following bacterium: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and viruses: virus Aujeszky virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, influenza virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus and virus respiratory coronavirozei, low conditions of maintenance will overtake the protection mecanism of the body (Benfield, D 1999). In this paper are presented the epidemiological researches achieved during 2011 in two proffesional swine units from Braila.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Roxana Topală, I. Burtan, M. Fîntînariu, S. Ciobanu, L.C. Burtan, Ioana Burcoveanu, E.V. Şindilar

This study was undertaken to characterize otic microflora encountered in dogs with clinical signs of otitis externa and to determine its role in causing the disease. For this purpose 73 otic samples from normal dogs and 149 otic samples from dogs with different clinical stages of otitis were microbiological evaluated. The most common pathogens in the etiology of otitis include members of Staphylococcus genus, Streptococcus genus and yeast from Malassezia genus. From normal dogs Malassezia canis was isolated as a pure culture or with staphylococci and streptococci in 32 samples, representing 43.8%, staphylococci were recorded at a frequency of isolation (in pure and mixed cultures) of 32.9% and streptococci were isolated in 17 pure or mixed cultures, representing 23.3%. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus spp. were not isolated in samples taken from dogs without ear problems. From dogs with varied clinical stages of otitis, Malassezia canis reported a frequency of isolation (in pure or mixed cultures) of 33.3%, staphylococci were isolated in 22.4% and streptococci in 19% from samples, in pure or mixed cultures. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated both in pure cultures and mixed cultures and Proteus spp. only in mixed cultures.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Groza I., Cătană Laura, Pall Emoke, Cenariu M., Pop Daria, Ilea Cristina

Interest of the medical world towards regenerative therapy using mesenchymal stem cells has become increasingly prominent, given the many recent successes. Dogs are ideal candidates for testing the methods of isolation, cultivation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into multiple cell lines and their use in regenerative therapy. The aim of this paper was to test the multipotence and multilinearity of mesenchymal stem cells derived from canine bone marrow and umbilical cord blood. Mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from a total of 12 dogs following medular aspiration or by collecting cord blood during caesarean section. Samples were processed using Histopaque 1077 and then cultured in α-MEM supplemented medium. In order to assess the stemness and multipotency of mesenchymal cells isolated from canine bone marrow and umbilical cord blood, their phenotype was characterized by assessing the Oct4 gene expression followed by the evaluation of their differentiation potential towards bone, cartilage, fat and nerve cells. Canine bone marrow and umbilical mesenchymal stem cells expressed the Oct4 gene. This gene expression was not identified after differentiation, however was shown in cells grown in propagation medium. Osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipos and nervous differentiation was demonstrated by identifying specific morphology, specific stainings and by assessing the gene expression of genes of interest. Canine mesenchymal stem cells have a high multilineage capacity, being able to differentiate towards osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and nervous lines, These properties can be exploited in order to use this type of cell therapy in homologous, heterologous and even xenogenic regenerative therapies.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Popescu M. C., Nicorescu V., Iuliana Codreanu, Maria Crivineanu

The reproductive cycle of the domestic bitch, a mono-estrous species, is characterized by a follicular phase with spontaneous ovulations, followed by a luteal phase of about 75 days, and a non-seasonal anestrous of 2-10 months. The reproductive cycle is under control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The ovarian hormones exert a feedback at the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, thereby also influencing, in a differential way, the secretion of LH and FSH.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Alina Anton, Gheorghe Solcan

Measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to investigate the functioning of autonomic nervous system, especially the balance between sympathetic and vagal activity. HRV is measured by determining the constantly changing temporal distance between succeeding heartbeats (R-R intervals). Five lacting cows, well trained to blood sampling were challenged with an intramuscular single dose (0.5 μg/kg) of ACTH (Synacthen Depot). HRV was measured for each cow for 5 min, at 0 h (before treatment) and every 30 min for 2 h. HRV parameters were analysed in the time domain, frequency domain and nonlinear components. Blood samples (10 mL) were collected from the coccygeal vein of all cows at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min, after the measurement of HRV, for serum cortisol. The heart rate of cows increased significantly (P<0.05) under the influence of Synacthen administration. All computed time domain parameters declined significantly after ACTH administration. The decline of root mean square of successive interbeat interval differences (RMSSD) was more pronounced than that for standard deviation of all interbeat interval (SDNN), after ACTH administration. The power of low-frequency component divided by power of the high-frequency band (LF/HF) increased also within 30 min of administration of ACTH. All nonlinear parameters (%DET and %REC) exhibited a significant rise 30 min after ACTH administration. Serum cortisol concentration also increased (P < 0.05) within 30 min of administration in cows. The nonlinear parameters were most important to indicate the level of stress in cows. HRV is a valuable physiological indicator for stress in cows.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Iuliana Ionascu, Andreea- Bianca Bofan

The interruption of sympathetic innervations at the head level is the main cause that produces the Horner`s syndrome. The damage of the nerve fibres may occur: central, preganglionic or postganglionic. Most patients were sent for an ophthalmologic examination as a result of a sudden attack, often described by owners as “closed, paintful eye”. The purpose of this paper is to establish an etiologic differential diagnosis protocol in Horner`s syndrome. The patients examined in the Surgery Clinics of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest presented enophthalmos, upper eyelid ptosis, palpebral slid reduction, third eyelid protrusion and miosis. The ophthalmologic examination was performed by direct methods and indirect methods, as Schirmer test, fluorescein test and the pupil size in the darkness. For the most patients, the disease started suddenly, with epiphora and very painful eye. Only for few of them, the onset was sudden and no ocular pain or epiphora were mentioned. The results of the tests showed normal values for the Schirmer test, miosis, with negative response of the pupil in the darkness. The fluorescein test was negative and the internal face of the third eyelid presented no foreign bodies. In this cases, the etiology of the syndrome is idiopathic or secondary to media otitis, frequently subclinical. It was achieved a diferential diagnosis between Horner`s syndrome and the superficial or deep corneal wounds, when the fluorescein test is positive and there were highlighter foreign bodies at the internal third eyelid.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Cristina Fernoaga , M. Codreanu, M. Cornila

Anomalous conditions, such as hydrocephalus often result in early fetal or neonatal death. If animals survive birth, they may have significant alterations in consciousness and behavioral development. Hydrocephalus can result in clinical signs due to loss of neurons or neuronal function alteration in ICP and all of its consequence. In young dogs, prior to ossification of the cranial sutures, hydrocephalus may contribute to abnormalities of skull development such as a thinning of the bone structure, a dome-shaped or bossed appearance to the head or a persistent fontanelle.

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Cristina Fernoaga , M. Codreanu, M. Cornila

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Published in Scientific Works. C Series. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LVIII ISSUE 4
Written by Stănescu (Pascal) M., Bîrţoiu, I., Deleuze, S.

The fertilizing capacity of dog spermatozoa depends on many factors, like: motility, plasmatic membrane integrity (viability), acrosome integrity. The role of the prostatic fluid in the fertilization process is still controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of post-thaw dilution with autologous prostatic fluid on viability, motility and acrosome status of cryopreserved dog spermatozoa. Semen was collected from 6 Beagle dogs. The sperm rich fraction was frozen with a standard extender for dog semen containing Tris, fructose, glycerol and egg yolk (TFG-EY). For each dog, six straws were thawed: three straws were diluted 1:2 with autologous prostatic fluid, while the others were not diluted at all. Motility (CASA), viability and acrosome status (flow cytometry), morphology (Diff-Quick stain) were assessed at 5 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours post-thaw (T0, T1, T2). There were no significant differences regarding the morphology of fresh and frozen semen. The addition of prostatic fluid significantly reduced the total and progressive motility and increased the percentage of reacted acrosomes at T0, T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). Although the addition of prostatic fluid did not affect the viability and the morphology of frozen-thawed semen, it reduced the motility and increased the percentage of acrosome reactions.

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