Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by heorghița DUCA, Paul-Adrian BOR, Mariana RUSU, Carmen Dana ȘANDRU, Diana OLAH, Marina SPÎNU, Emöke PÁLL, Constantin CERBU, Adrian POTÂRNICHE, Aurel VASIU

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis is a viral, endemic, specific bovine, goat and swine (genital) disease with acute evolution, clinically characterized by hyperthermia and respiratory involvement, inflammation of the anterior respiratory tract (rhinitis, tracheitis) or genital disorders (abortions, infertility, balanopostitis), often accompanied by conjunctivitis. This entity is globally spread and is considered to be one of the most costly diseases affecting bovine livestock, and can have major economic consequences by decreasing productivity (milk production, low yield on fattening, animal culling), high morbidity, lethality, which can reach 12% for youth, as well as by restrictions in trade between countries. The review examined the impact of the infection on health status of affected bovine and possibilities to control the disease based on general and specific measures.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Mihai Cristian MĂRGĂRIT, Roxana MĂRGĂRIT, Cristiana GENES, Rosalie Adina BĂLĂCEANU, Nicolae DOJANĂ

This paper aimed the particularities of the phosphorus (P) metabolism in 40-week-old Red-Mini-Rock hens subject of different available phosphorus (aP) supplemented diet feeding. Six diets containing 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0 and, respectively, 1.5 g aP / kg diet of food were tested. The experimental feeding lasted five weeks. Research on the effect of different levels of aP in the diet on the metabolism of P in Red-Mini-Rock layers allowed the identification of particularities related to the ability to absorb, to store in bones and to release for egg formation of the P. The mobilization of the P from the bone is amplified as the dietary supplement decreases, increasing the loss of soluble P through manure. The total P content of the blood serum decreases with the level of aP supplementation but the variations are not linear. The total P content of the eggs increases only with high levels of aP. Food intake and laying rate are not affected by different levels of aP supplementation. In conclusion, a supplement of 2.0-2.5 g aP/kg diet of diet seems to better meet the metabolic requirements of Red-Mini-Rock hens from 40 to 45 week of age.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by George MOGOŞ, Anca BULGARU, Elena NEGRU, Horia DINU, Mihai DANEŞ, Doina DANEŞ

The present study was carried out with the purpose of identifying the etiological agent(s) of a reemmergent outbreak of respiratory syndrome affecting a flock of sheep. The first cases of pneumonia on the farm were recorded during warm season (June - July 2021), affecting mainly lambs, with a few isolated cases among adult sheep. Symptoms included nasal discharge, coughing, dispnea, loss of appetite and severe weight loss, a morbidity of 80% among young animals and 5% mortality. Pasteurella spp. was isolated from lung tissue samples collected during necropsy. The lambs were treated with Enrofloxacin administered orally, and the clinical status improved after 6 days of therapy; however, during the fall of 2021, a recurrence of respiratory distress was reported, this time affecting both young and adult animals. Bacteriological examinations were performed on nasal and palatine tonsil swabs collected from live animals and lung and lymph node tissue collected from slaughtered animals for diagnostic purposes. Two strains of Pasteurella were isolated, Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella spp. The isolates were characterized biochemically and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed. Following test results, the entire flock of 2000 sheep was treated with Enrofloxacin for 6 days and complete remission of respiratory symptoms was achieved.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Iuliana GAJAILA, Gabriel GAJAILA

Milk and dairy products are important sources of biologically active lipid substances. Interest in the nutritional qualities of dairy fats is not recent. It is now well established that milk and dairy products contain many fatty acids, some of which, with specific and sought-after physiological effects, not found in any other food. Milk, however, is not a standard product. Its fatty acid composition is very variable. At the farm level, it can be modulated either through genetics or husbandry practices. Among them, diet is the quickest and most effective way and its effects are quickly reversible. The objective of this article is to present the results of a study on the link between the feeding dairy cow’s diets and the milk fatty acid profile. Two winter feeding diets were compared: A diet - maize forages as the main component of the feeding diet. B diet - maize forages and grass forage. The obtained results confirm the influence of feeding dairy cows diets in obtaining ideal milk in terms of lipid profile.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Ana-Maria TUDOSIE, Gabriel GÂJÂILĂ, Ioan Liviu MITREA, Mariana IONITA

A culture medium contains basic elements (water, nutrients), to which are added various supplements capable of contributing to the growth of the bacteria of interest, and at the same time, inhibiting the association flora. This study aimed for testing and optimization of special supplemented culture media used for diagnosis of microbial origin food-borne pathogens. For this, performance criteria (productivity, selectivity, and specificity) of ten different culture media used for the identification and characterization of most common bacteria (i.e., Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) involved in food poisoning, were investigated. For the evaluation of the performance parameters, artificial contamination was performed with Reference Materials (MR) represented by reference strains, on two levels of contamination (low and high) and blank samples. On the qualitative methods (detection of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp.), selectivity, specificity, accuracy, concordance and evaluation of the detection limit at 50% (LOD50) were tested; while, on the quantitative methods (enumeration of E. coli and S. aureus), repeatability, reproducibility, critical difference and measurement uncertainty were assessed. For the qualitative methods (detection of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp.), the evaluated parameters showed values between 82-100% and 0.429-0.564 cfu/25 g for LOD50, respectively. For the quantitative methods (enumeration of E. coli and S. aureus), the values obtained had a measurement uncertainty between 0.24-0.26 log₁₀ cfu/g). The performance criteria (productivity, selectivity and specificity) of the culture media investigated were successfully achieved. These findings on the benefits of the addition of supplements for the culture media used to diagnose food poisoning provide further evidence of the importance of additional components with the role of enrichment, stimulation, inhibition, selection and highlighting of metabolic and enzymatic equipment.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by George Andrei NECULA, Mariana IONITA, Ioan Liviu MITREA

Parasites and fungi cause otitis externa in dogs and cats and have an important impact on the welfare of the affected animals. Moreover, their control is often problematic. Here we present a retrospective study on the occurrence of otitis externa in client owned dogs (n=179) and cats (n=157) that were presented in a veterinary practice during a one-year period. All animals were subjected to the routine clinical examination followed by direct otoscopy and microscopic evaluation of ear exudates with and without Diff-quick staining..Of the investigated dogs and cats, 16.75% and 19.75%, respectively were diagnosed with otitis externa. Of the dogs, 10.05% (18/179) were positive for mixed Malassezia and Otodectes infestations, 5.58% (10/179) only with Malassezia, and 1.11% (2/179) with only Otodectes. In cats, 8.28% (13/157) of the animals were diagnosed with Malassezia and Otodectes mixed infestations, 11.46% (18/157) of cats had only Malassezia otitis, and none had only parasitic infestation. Overall, of the 30 dogs and 31 cats diagnosed with otitis externa, 43.33% and 32.25%, respectively, were presented for ear related problems. In conclusion, these findings showed a positive correlation between Malassezia and Otodectic otitis in dogs, while in cats Malassezia otitis externa was detected in all parasitic infestations of the ear. Additionally, the study underlines the importance of ear examination and microscopic evaluation for a proper therapeutic protocol.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Ionuț Răzvan DOBRE, Diana Mihaela ALEXANDRU

One of the most affected species by various toxic substances is, undoubtedly, the canides. Among them, ethylene glycol is one of the most possible causes, its use as an antifreeze solution making it a frequently encountered substance. Because of its sweet taste, it is eaten with pleasure by dogs and not only. The aim of the study was to optimize the diagnostic and treatment methods in ethylene glycol poisoning in dogs. In this study were included 8 clinical cases of dogs (2 males and 6 females), aging from 4 months to 13 years, that were isostenuric after 3 hours after ingestion. Also, calcium oxalate crystalluria becomes detectable after 3-6 hours after consumption. After the onset of renal impairment, the value of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine increased, which resulted in glomerular filtration damage. The present study highlights the effectiveness of the treatment in the first 8 hours after ingestion, being very important to slow down the oxidation metabolism of ethylene glycol by alcohol dehydrogenase. The administration of ethyl alcohol or fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole) to dogs presented to the veterinary clinic following exposure to ethylene glycol increase their chances of survival.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Ionuț Răzvan DOBRE, Silvia Oana DOBRE

In the last three years, the economic, social and health situation of the whole world has been deeply tested and not at all predictable. The way of life imposed by Covid-19 changed the paradigm of many human activities, of which education could not be an exception.Taken by surprise, at a very low level of digitization of teaching-learning activities, Romania has suddenly switched to online education. Thus, the use of platforms such as Zoom Video Communications or Microsoft Teams for teaching and moreover, avoided the freezing of the school and university year.The use of applications in support of learning, such as books creator, random cards or random wheel, have also proved their usefulness for consolidating knowledge of veterinary pharmacology.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Florin-Petrișor POSASTIUC, Alexandru Ilie DIACONESCU, Nicolae Tiberiu CONSTANTIN, Cătălin MICȘA, Mario CODREANU

Testicular cancer is a frequently encountered pathological entity, which is distinguished by wide morpho-histological variability. Only recent research efforts were able to highlight, throughout advanced diagnosis techniques, certain biochemical, immunological and hormonal characteristics. In men, testicular cancer is one of the most common malignant oncopathologies, the usually affected age group being 25-35 years. Statistically, the increasing prevalence in humans can be correlated with veterinary in-field reports, an increase in canine testicular cancers being incriminated. Practically, 90% of the tumours with genital localization, in dogs involve the testicular parenchyma, this being the second most common site of neoplastic evolution in intact males. The aim of this paper was to review scientific papers published, regarding potential biomarkers for testicular cancer in dogs such as the anti-Müllerian hormone, insulin-like factor 3, α-fetoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, c-KIT, CD-30, placental alkaline phosphatase and cytokeratins expression. Furthermore, this paper intends to lay the foundation for further research in order to establish proper screening protocols for testicular cancer similar to those used in human medicine.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Paul George STOICULEASĂ, Gabriel PREDOI, Cristian BELU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Petronela Mihaela ROȘU, Sorina-Andreea MIHAI, Alexandru MANOLESCU, Elena Cătălina IONESCU, Theodora ȘTEFĂNESCU

According to the actual taxonomic classification, Lynx lynx is one of the four species of the Lynx genus. The bones studied belong to individuals originating from the area of the Carpathian Mountains, belonging to the “carpathicus” subspecies. The lynx is a top predator in a food chain, its most important role being to control the populations of small vertebrates in the ecosystem and to maintain the populations of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) under control. Specialty literature includes works of various authors regarding the morphology and morphometry of the locomotor apparatus of the Lynx lynx species and other species of the Lynx genus. However, upon a detailed study of the material, some interesting anatomical aspects could be identified. Worth mentioning are details regarding the contour of the scapula, the morphology of the spina scapularis and the coracoid process, the aspect of the distal extremity of the humerus, the aspect of the radio-ulnar interosseous space, as well as of the distal extremity of the radius and olecranon. These elements may complete existing literature data and may prove useful to clinicians in various interventions (radiological exams, MRI scans or surgical interventions).

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