Scientific Works Series C. Veterinary Medicine

PRINT ISSN 2065-1295, ISSN-L: 2065-1295, ISSN CD: 2343-9394,ISSN ONLINE 2067-3663
 

Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXV, Issue 1
Written by Roxana-Mariana IGNĂTESCU (ŢÎMPĂU), Ana-Maria GOANŢĂ, Ana-Maria BĂDULESCU, Daniela BRĂSLAŞU, Lucian IONIŢĂ

Protein-losing nephropathy (PLN) is a general term used to describe a list of glomerular disorders characterized by protein loss. Most common breeds affected are: Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier (adult age), Bernese Mountain Dog, Chinese Shar-pei, Labrador and Golden Retrievers. The main expresion of PLN is proteinuria, which represents the presence of any excessive amount of proteine in the urine. PLNs include glomerulonephritis (GN), glomerulopathy, and amyloidosis, but only histological examination can differentiate these conditions. PLN may arise idiopathically and often co-exists with hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, moderate anemia, hypercholesterolemia, thromboembolism, edema or effusions and progressive renal disease. Diagnosis of PLN involves documenting significant proteinuria. Urine analysis should be performed as a complementary test in each routine investigation and elevated urine proteincreatinine ratio might confirm the renal origin of the proteinuria. The main therapeutic objective is the reduction of proteinuria. Resolution of PLN is possible if the underlying condition can be treated, but this is oftentimes difficult.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Laurentiu LEICA, Ioan Liviu MITREA, Mariana IONITA

Canine babesiosis is a protozoan tick-borne disease affecting dogs worldwide, caused by intra-erythrocytic large and small piroplasms of the genus Babesia (Apicomplexa: Piroplasmida). Clinical manifestations are polymorph and evolution of the disease depends to a large extent on the virulence of the causative piroplasm species but also to host-related factors and as well as to the time of animal presentation for consultation, the early diagnostic and specific therapy administered in due time. The most frequent pathological changes of canine babesiosis are anemia and different degrees of thrombocytopenia. Additionally, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation are described as possible complications. Here we present a clinical case of babesiosis complicated by coagulopathy in a 11 months-old male Beagle dog, which was presented at a veterinary clinic with dyspnoea and apathy. The clinical, radiological, and ultrasound examinations showed an active bleeding in the thoracic cavity, prolonged coagulation time and post-haemorrhagic anemia (packed cell volume of 22.2%). Based on these primary registered aspects, intoxication with anticoagulant rodenticides was suspected. As it was considered an emergency, the dog was transferred to a specialized clinic for hemo-transfusion and stabilized. However, a week later, the dog returned to the clinic with a febrile syndrome. Based on the hemo-parasitological investigations, the dog was diagnosed with babesiosis. Initially, a therapeutical protocol, based on clindamycin was administered, but without a satisfactory evolution; therefore, a babesiicid treatment, using imidocarb dipropionate, was administered, after which the clinical status of the dog rapidly improved. By this case report, the challenges for diagnostic and therapeutical management of canine babesiosis and its impact on the disease evolution, including potential complications, are emphasized.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Cristian BELU, Gabriel PREDOI, Iulian DUMITRESCU, Bogdan GEORGESCU, Florica BĂRBUCEANU, Anca ȘEICARU, Petronela ROȘU, Gavrilă ZAGRAI, Mădălina DOBRILĂ, Theodora ȘTEFĂNESCU, Paul STOICULEASĂ, Oresti MIHELIS

The comparative morphology of the skulls is a field of anatomy that can provide answers to questions related to the relationships between species, helping to classify them and to place in a taxonomic group. Till now, a number of morphometric studies have established some differences in red deer and fallow deer skulls, considered as criteria for identification according to the geographical area to which the animals belong, depending on sex or age. The works containing comparative descriptions are very few and the details are absent. Our study presents a number of important aspects for differentiation, of which we list: particularities regarding the drawing of the bone sutures and the profile line in lateral view of the skull, the different conformation of the retro-glenoid process of the temporal bone, differences regarding the relative size of the alveolar process of the maxilla as well as the topography of the infraorbital hole etc. The data provided are useful when making the skulls expertise in order to identify this.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Valentina SIMION, Cristina FERNOAGA, Mario CODREANU

The aggressive behavior encountered in the feline patient, represents a major problem in the approach and care handling for this patient, hard quest for a complete clinical and neurological evaluation, also in applying some investigation methods and running a full internal and external set of analysis: blood workouts, ultrasounds, X-rays, MRIs. In this study, we searched for triggers, causes and effects that give the aggressive state of the feline patient and we found that toxoplasmosis, hyperthyroidism, epilepsy, dental pain, arthritis, discomfort from coinfections with other bacteria, viruses, parasites, trauma, lack of sensitive reactions and cognitive response malfunctioning in geriatrics, could all contribute for this behavior. In this comparative study of human, feline and other mammals with latent infection with T. gondii, we found common aggression traits presented in some psychiatry studies linked to the human latent infection, as well as in feline and other mammals brain studies with toxoplasmosis confirmed with different laboratory technics.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Diana-Larisa ANCUŢA, Teodoru SOARE, Diana SOARE, Maria CRIVINEANU, Cristin COMAN

One of the current concerns regarding orthopedic surgery is represented by the associated infections. Studies show that in 80% of human cases, the primary bacterial agent that causes osteomyelitis is Staphylococcus aureus. On the other hand, the epidemiological data claims that coagulase-negative staphylococcus, especially Staphylococcus epidermidis, have emerged as the predominant pathogens of the associated infection due to their ability to develop biofilm. The goal of the study was to induce osteomyelitis in rabbits using bacterial strains isolated from human patients and to optimize the concentration of the two species of staphylococcus capable of reproducing bone infection. The evaluation of the disease installation and the clinical evolution was completed by hematological and histological examinations. Comparing the results, it can be concluded that the MRSA strain is more pathogenic compared to MRSE. In both cases, the rabbit has been shown to be a good experimental model for the reproduction of osteomyelitis that can be used for the development of new treatments.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 1
Written by Simona NICOLAE, Iuliana CODREANU, Liliana DECEI, Mario Darius CODREANU

This research aims to highlight the differences between the metabolic status in gestation and lactation in ewes, translated by a series of variations of the haematological parameters. A number of 25 representative blood parameters was determined in the 90th day of gestation and 40th day of lactation. We observed similarities in these parameters’ variations in both periods, but also some discrepancies - more pronounced variations in the lactation period. Regarding the biochemical profile, almost all parameters decreased in lactation; Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Albumin decreased significantly (p<0.05). On the contrary, the Urea increased significantly (p<0.05). As concerning the enzymatic activity, it was increased in both periods, but more pronounced in lactation; GGT and AST increased significantly (p<0.05). The calcium decreased significantly (p<0.05) in lactation, while the other electrolytic parameters did not show significant variations. The RBC and Hb decreased non-significantly (p>0.05), whereas Ht decreased significantly (p<0.05) in lactation. Overall, the parameters maintained the same trend in both periods, but more important variations were observed in the lactation period, indicating that, compared to gestation, lactation represents a more demanding period in this species.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Lucica SIMA, Rosalie BĂLĂCEANU, Nicolae DOJANĂ

In this experiment, the influences of the breed, age, light intensity, and foot disorders on Cornish, Sussex and Plymouth Rock rooster sperm properties were monitored. The ejaculate volume, sperm density, motility and anomalies, dead spermatozoa, as well as the fecundity (calculated as hatching rate of the eggs provided by the hens inseminated by these roosters) were analyzed. Research has revealed different effects according to breed, age and light intensity on the volume of ejaculate, sperm density and motility. Ejaculate volume was higher in Cornish while density, motility, sperm anomalies and fecundity were higher in Sussex and Plymouth Rock. Age decreased significantly the ejaculated volume, and increased sperm anomalies and dead sperm percentages but didn’t modify density and motility percentages of Cornish roosters. The intensity of light improved the biological characteristics of the sperm: ejaculated volume, density and fecundity increased significantly in Cornish but not in Sussex and Plymouth Rock. In Cornish roosters, the frequency of leg disorders diminished the ejaculated volume, sperm density and egg fecundity and increased the percent of the sperm anomalies and dead sperm.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Oana-Mărgărita GHIMPEȚEANU, Carmen Daniela PETCU, Lucian ILIE, Otilia Cristina MURARIU, Oana Diana OPREA

The main purpose of this study was to compare the quality of the different types of unpasteurized beer from a profile unit in Bucharest area and samples coming from the market. The material was represented by 12 unpasteurized blonde beer samples divided in 4 batches. The samples were submitted to physico-chemical and microbiological analysis determining: alcohol concentration, original, apparent and real extract, density, limpidity, colour, pH, RDF (real fermentation degree) and microbial loading in order to verify the efficiency of pasteurization using microfiltration. pH is one of the most important parameters regarding the taste and beer stability, the values obtained were between 4.24- 4.63. Another important parameter was the microbial loading, which was negative both in aerobic and anaerobic media. After analyzing all the results obtained, it is concluded that these products comply with the quality standards imposed by the legislation in force.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Gheorghe V. GORAN, Emanuela BADEA, Victor CRIVINEANU

This research’s main objective was the assessment of zinc levels in hair from cats with different liver and kidneys disorders, compared to control group. Zinc (Zn) hair content analysis of the cats with liver disorders (n = 6), cats with kidneys disorders (n = 9), and clinically healthy cats as control (n = 6), was performed by inductively coupled plasmaoptic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Zn concentrations in hair were significantly different (p = 0.015) between males with liver disorders (22.10 mg kg-1) and males with kidneys disorders (6.181 mg kg-1), and no significant differences have been observed compared to zinc mean concentrations in clinically healthy males (10.60 mg kg-1). Significant differences were observed when comparing Zn mean levels in males with different kidneys disorders to Zn levels in clinically healthy males. No significant differences depending on health status or age were found in either studied category. The highest zinc mean value was found in hair samples from male cats with liver disorders, and the lowest zinc mean value was found in male cats with kidneys disorders. This research on zinc assessment from hair, an easy and non-stressfully collected sample, shows that this kind of sample could be appropriate for the evaluation of the mineral status of cats with different organ dysfunctions in urban areas. Hair zinc levels found in this study may contribute to the database of reference concentrations of minerals in cats from Romania.

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Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Roxana DASCALU, Bogdan SICOE, Larisa SCHÜSZLER, Cristian ZAHA, Daniel BUMB, Cornel IGNA

The purpose of this study was to establish some correlations between clinical signs and location of neoplasia - establishing the most commonly encountered clinical signs and the type of tumor most commonly involved in cerebral compression in dogs (primary or secondary neoplasia). All 20 canine patients, with suspicion for neoplasia in different locations in the head region following clinical and neurologic examination, were examined using a CT scanner, as well as cytology/histopathological examination. Meningioma was the most frequent diagnosed intracranial primary central nervous system tumor. Neoplasia in the head region are invasive, most of which have lead to cerebral compression. Carcinoma, originating in the mammary gland, spread by hematogenous path, has lead, in a large percentage, to brain metastases.

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