Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LX (1)
Written by Vladislav STANAĆEV, Dragan MILIĆ, Niko MILOŠEVIĆ, Vidica STANAĆEV, Zlatica PAVLOVSKI, Dejan BEUKOVIĆ, Nikola PUVAČA
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of soybean, linseed and rapeseed oils on the productive performance, carcass quality and fatty acid composition of abdominal fat of broiler chickens. At the beginning of the experiment, six groups with 40 day old chicks Cobb 500 line, with five replications were formed. Chicken were fed with two diet mixtures. During the first two weeks of the preparatory period, chickens were fed with starter mixture and after that period with grower diet mixture until the end of the experiment. The control group was fed with a mixture of standard composition, based on soybean meal and corn with the addition of 4% and 8% of soybean oil, while in the experimental groups, 4% and 8% of linseed oil and 4% and 8% of rapeseed oil were included. The experiment lasted 35 days. During the experimental period, chicks were fed and watered ad libitum, and microclimate conditions were regularly monitored. Control of body weight gain and feed consumption was performed every seven days. At the end of the experiment, 10 chicks from each group were sacrificed for the purpose of testing the carcass quality and fatty acids composition. Upon completion of the experimental period, the control group achieved body weight of 2122g and 2053g, and the experimental group with linseed oil 2164g and 2094g, while the group with rapeseed oil achieved 2121g and 2081g, respectively. Chickens on treatment with 4% linseed oil in the diet achieved significantly (P<0.05) higher body weight at the end of the experiment compared with the groups who were on treatment with 8% of rapeseed and soybean oil. Soybean oil in an amount of 4% had also a statistically significant (P<0.05) effect on the final body weight increase, compared with the body weight of chicks in a group with addition of 8% of soybean oil. Feed conversion ratio was lowest in the group with the addition of 4% linseeds and rapeseed oil, and the highest in the group with the addition of 8% linseed oil. The largest amounts of abdominal fat (18.9 g) were recorded in the group with the addition of 4% rapeseed oil and lowest in the group with the addition of 8% soybean oil (12.6 g). The analysis of chicks fatty acid composition of abdominal fat also showed that the introduction of 4 and 8% linseed oil in the diet of chickens had highly significant (P<0.01) effect on the increase in the content of linolenic acid (C18:3) compared with the control and experimental treatments. Chickens in the control treatment and treatment with 4 and 8% rapeseed oil have recorded a significantly higher (P<0.01) content of linoleic (C18:2) fatty acids in adipose tissue compared with chickens at linseed oil treatment. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the addition of 4% oil showed better performance results, did not affect the quality of chicken carcasses, while the significant impact on the improvement of the chicks fatty acid composition of abdominal fat was present.
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