Published in Scientific Works. Series C. Veterinary Medicine, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Mirela Daniela NICOLA, Dorina Nicoleta MOCUŢA
Avian Influenza (AI) is a contagious disease, first described in Italy, in 1878, by Peroncito, as a disease with high mortality in poultry, next documented as a type A influenza virus, in 1955, by Schäfer W., and then recognized as a transboundary disease spreading across international borders, occurring worldwide (consistent evidence support the transboundary character of the disease, particularly from 2003 to our days, in Asia, USA, Latin America, Europe, Oceania). Data available shows that AI has significantly affected the world economy and society in the last decades, causing disruption of poultry industry and global trade, changes in poultry industry and markets policies, affecting livelihood of vulnerable people, producing considerable control costs, and starting with 1997 it is also highly recognised as a public health threat that can cause illness or death in humans. Despite the new tools used by the modern management (advanced science technologies, statistics tools, etc.) the disease still leave behind losses into the global poultry industry and sometimes human deaths (Hong Kong, Cambodia, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Turkey etc). The paper aims to review the knowledge on the management of AI (HPAI) in the world, to identify gaps or weaknesses in the management of the AI and to try to provide guidelines on how countries can be better organized to react to an outbreak of AI/HPAI and/or to identify better ways to diminish the devastating impact of the disease upon societies, consumer, trade between the countries, economy.
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